Generative pre-trained transformers

chatbot developed by xAI

AI chatbot by Microsoft

Claude is a series of large language models developed by Anthropic and first released in 2023. Since Claude 3, each generation has typically been released in three sizes, from least to most capable: Haiku, Sonnet, and Opus. An additional model named Claude Mythos was released to some companies in 2026 but not to the public.

DALL-E, DALL-E 2, and DALL-E 3 (stylised DALL·E) are text-to-image models developed by OpenAI using deep learning methodologies to generate digital images from natural language descriptions known as prompts.

type of large language model

Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a large language model developed by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models.

family of language models by Google DeepMind

Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) is a large language model released by OpenAI in 2020.

Qwen (also known as Tongyi Qianwen, ; pinyin: Tōngyì Qiānwèn) is a family of large language models developed by Alibaba Cloud. Many Qwen variants are distributed as open‑weight models under the Apache‑2.0 license, while others are served through Alibaba Cloud.

large language model by Meta AI

LaMDA (Language Model for Dialogue Applications) is a family of conversational large language models developed by Google. Originally developed and introduced as Meena in 2020, the first-generation LaMDA was announced during the 2021 Google I/O keynote, while the second generation was announced the following year.

GPT-5 is a multimodal large language model developed by OpenAI and the fifth in its series of generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) foundation models. Preceded in the series by GPT-4, it was launched on August 7, 2025. It is publicly accessible to users of the chatbot products ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot as well as to developers through the OpenAI API.

Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) is a large language model by OpenAI and the second in their foundational series of GPT models. GPT-2 was pre-trained on a dataset of 8 million web pages. It was partially released in February 2019, followed by full release of the 1.5-billion-parameter model on November 5, 2019.

chatbot developed by Baidu

PaLM (Pathways Language Model) is a 540 billion-parameter dense decoder-only transformer-based large language model (LLM) developed by Google AI. Researchers also trained smaller versions of PaLM (with 8 and 62 billion parameters) to test the effects of model scale.

GPT-4o ("o" for "omni") is a multilingual, multimodal generative pre-trained transformer developed by OpenAI and released in May 2024. It can process and generate text, images and audio.

artifical intelligence model geared towards programming

GPT-4.5 (codenamed "Orion") is a large language model developed by OpenAI as part of the GPT series. Officially released on February 27, 2025, GPT-4.5 is available to users subscribed to the ChatGPT Plus and Pro plans across web, mobile, and desktop platforms. Access was also provided through the OpenAI API and Developer Playground until July 14, 2025. On August 7, 2025, with the release of GPT-5, GPT-4.5 was removed from both the API and ChatGPT users with the Plus and Teams tier, while Pro users are still able to access to GPT-4.5 model under the "Legacy Models" tab.

right|thumb|Original GPT architecture Generative Pre-trained Transformer 1 (GPT-1) was the first of OpenAI's large language models following Google's invention of the transformer architecture in 2017. In June 2018, OpenAI released a paper entitled "Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training", in which they introduced that initial model along with the general concept of a generative pre-trained transformer.

2024 AI model from OpenAI

large language model developed by OpenAI

reasoning language model

Open-access multilingual language model

GPT-J or GPT-J-6B is an open-source large language model (LLM) developed by EleutherAI in 2021. As the name suggests, it is a generative pre-trained transformer model designed to produce human-like text that continues from a prompt. The optional "6B" in the name refers to the fact that it has 6 billion parameters. The model is available on GitHub, but the web interface no longer communicates with the model. Development stopped in 2021.

A chatbot developed by DeepSeek company

GigaChat is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by the Russian financial services corporation Sberbank. It was launched in a closed testing mode in April 2023 and is positioned as a Russian alternative to ChatGPT.

GPT-4.1 is a large language model within OpenAI's GPT series. It was released on April 14, 2025. GPT-4.1 can be accessed through the OpenAI API or the OpenAI Developer Playground. Three different models were simultaneously released: GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and GPT-4.1 nano. Since May 14, GPT-4.1 has been available for users subscribed to the ChatGPT Plus and Pro plans, and GPT-4.1 mini that replaces GPT-4o mini is available for all ChatGPT users.

family of large language models by Google

image generation and editing models developed by OpenAI

language model by DeepMind

DBRX is a large language model (LLM) developed by Mosaic under its parent company Databricks, released on March 27, 2024 under the Databricks Open Model License. It is a mixture-of-experts transformer model, with 132 billion parameters in total. 36 billion parameters (4 out of 16 experts) are active for each token. The released model comes in either a base foundation model version or an instruction-tuned variant.

2023 text-generating language model

GPT-5.1 is a family of four large language models within OpenAI's GPT series. Two were released on November 12, 2025; two more were released one week later on November 19.

large language model developed by Huawei

GPT-5.2 is a large language model by OpenAI, released on December 11, 2025. Succeeding GPT-5.1, it is a family of three large language models within the GPT series. It comes in two modes: GPT-5.2 instant and GPT-5.2 thinking (with standard and extended thinking), with the latter being a reasoning model. A GPT-5.2 Pro model was released on the same day, which takes more reasoning time and compute than GPT-5.2 thinking. OpenAI also released a variant specialized for coding, GPT-5.2-Codex. The successor, GPT-5.3-Codex, was released on February 5, 2026, and by the following month, GPT-5.4, was rel