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Graph theory objects

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node
unit connected by edges with other units in a graph, in graph theory
Hamiltonian path
path in a graph that visits each vertex exactly once
Eulerian path
trail in a graph which visits every edge exactly once
independent set
set of vertices in a graph, no two of which are adjacent
path
sequence of edges connecting a sequence of vertices in a graph, with no repeating vertices
cycle
in graph theory, non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal
clique
subset of the vertices of a node-link graph that are all adjacent to each other
connected component of a graph
maximal subgraph of a given node-link graph within which every two vertices may be connected by a path
loop
edge connecting a vertex to itself
dominating set
a set of vertices in a node-link graph such that every vertex is either in the set or adjacent to it
induced subgraph
another graph, formed from a subset of the vertices of the graph and all of the edges connecting pairs of vertices in that subset
minor graph
graph formed from another graph by deleting edges and vertices and contracting edges
neighbourhood
set of vertices adjacent to a given vertex in a graph
tree decomposition
mapping of a graph into a tree
maximum cut
a cut of a graph whose size is at least the size of any other cut
multiple edges
in graph theory, edges incident/directed between the same vertices
universal vertex
vertex of an undirected graph that is adjacent to all other vertices of the graph. It may also be called a dominating vertex, as it forms a one-element dominating set in the graph
clique cover problem
problem of finding a minimal clique cover of a given graph
graph factorization
partition of the edges of a graph into disjoint spanning k-regular subgraphs
minimum cut
a cut of a graph that is minimal
graph center
set of all vertices of minimum eccentricity
graceful labeling
assignment of integer labels to the vertices of a graph that uniquely identifies edges by the difference of their endpoint labels
maximal independent set
independent set of graph vertices that is not a subset of any other independent set
induced path
graph path which is an induced subgraph
pseudoforest
thumb|upright=1.2|A 1-forest (a maximal pseudoforest), formed by three 1-trees In graph theory, a pseudoforest is an undirected graph in which every connected component has at most one cycle. That is, it is a system of vertices and edges connecting pairs of vertices, such that no two cycles of consecutive edges share any vertex with each other, nor can any two cycles be connected to each other by a path of consecutive edges. A pseudotree is a connected pseudoforest.
Feedback arc set
a subset of the edges in a directed graph that includes at least one edge from each cycle
Ear decomposition
partition of graph into sequence of paths
orientation
assignment of a direction to each edge of a graph