Health economics

prevention of disease and promotion of wellbeing of humans and animals

science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals

insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical and healthcare expenses

human right described in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and many other documents

system that consists of all organizations, people and actions whose primary intent is to promote, restore or maintain health

system that grants access to healthcare to all residents or citizens of a country or region

British nonprofit for reviews of medical research (formed 1993)

branch of economics

regulatory class of pharmaceutical drug

degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

health indicator combining severity and duration of disease and loss of life. Can be measured as numbers of healthy years lost in a population, or as rate divided by person-time lived.

policy area, which deals with the planning, organization, management and financing of the health system

health indicator combining quality and duration of life into a cumulative metric

comparison of costs and outcomes of different courses of action

rise of salaries in jobs that have seen little rise of productivity

how climate change effects human health

field relating to leadership, management, and administration of hospitals, hospital networks, health care systems, and public health systems

non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in the United Kingdom

Pharmacoeconomics refers to the scientific discipline that compares the value of one pharmaceutical drug or drug therapy to another. It is a sub-discipline of health economics. A pharmacoeconomic study evaluates the cost (expressed in monetary terms) and effects (expressed in terms of monetary value, efficacy or enhanced quality of life) of a pharmaceutical product. Pharmacoeconomic studies serve to guide optimal healthcare resource allocation, in a standardized and scientifically grounded manner.

impact of a health problem as measured by financial cost, mortality, morbidity, or other indicators

multi-disciplinary field of policy analysis that studies the medical, social, ethical, and economic implications of development, diffusion, and use of health technology.

federal, state, and local law, rules, regulations and other jurisprudence among providers, payers and vendors to the health care industry and its patients

diseases more prevalent in low-income populations

health care or treatment provided with a higher volume or cost than is appropriate

impartiality in the quality of health and healthcare

Microinsurance is the protection of low-income people (defined as those living on more than approximately $1 but less than $4 per day) against specific perils in exchange for regular premium payment proportionate to the likelihood and cost of the risks involved. This definition is exactly the same as one might use for regular insurance except for the clearly prescribed target market: low-income people. The target population typically consists of persons ignored by mainstream commercial and social insurance schemes, as well as persons who have not previously had access to appropriate insurance

method to assess impacts of an action or risk factor on health and to produce a set of evidence-based recommendations to inform decision-making

difficult situation or complex health system that affects humans in one or more geographic areas

European structural indicator

the study of health outcomes for groups of individuals

form of financial analysis used to guide procurement decisions

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adage about availability of health care

form of health care financing

list of medicines; collection of formulas for the compounding and testing of medication

system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care

system of health care

statistic used in cost-effectiveness analysis to summarise the cost-effectiveness of a health care intervention

entity that is created to leverage the purchasing power of a group of businesses to obtain discounts

market and non-market factors that determine pricing

Insurance that pays out if holder has a major illness

ratio of benefits to harms among patients taking new drugs tends to vary inversely with how extensively a drug is marketed

the process of systematic identification, measurement and valuation of the inputs and outcomes of two alternative activities, and the subsequent comparative analysis of these

system of payment to medical service providers

political issue in the United States