Hebrew Bible nations

Samaritans (; ; ; ), often preferring to be called Israelite Samaritans, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Hebrews and Israelites of the ancient Near East. They are indigenous to Samaria, a historical region of ancient Israel and Judah. They are adherents of Samaritanism, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion that developed alongside Judaism.

thumb|upright=1.5|Cuneiform clay tablets from the Amorite Kingdom of Mari, 1st half of the 2nd millennium BC The Amorites () were an ancient Northwest Semitic-speaking Bronze Age people who emerged from western Mesopotamia. Initially appearing in Sumerian records , they expanded and ruled most of the Levant and Mesopotamia, and parts of Egypt, from the 21st century BC to the start of the 16th century BC.

thumb|Moses leads the Israelites across the [[Red Sea while pursued by Pharaoh. Fresco from the Dura-Europos synagogue in Syria, 244–256 CE]]

male human biblical figure in Genesis 10 and 1 Chronicles 1, son of Ham, father of Nomrod &c

Gomer ( Gōmer; ) was the eldest son of Japheth (and of the Japhetic line), and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah, according to the "Table of Nations" in the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 10).

thumb|Illustration from Phillip Medhurst Collection depicting Joshua fighting Amalek (Exodus 17).|alt=|upright=1.3 Amalek (; ) was a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as a staunch enemy of the Israelites. The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau; his descendants, the Amalekites; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited.

Tarshish (; ; ) occurs in the Hebrew Bible with several uncertain meanings, most frequently as a place (probably a large city or region) far across the sea from Phoenicia and the Land of Israel. Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to Phoenicia and Israel. The same place name occurs in the Akkadian inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian emperor Esarhaddon (died 669 BC) and also on the Phoenician inscription of the Nora Stone (around 800 BCE) in Sardinia; its precise location was never commonly known, and was eventually lost in antiquity. Legends grew up around

thumb|The world as known to the Hebrews

thumb|The World as known to the Hebrews. This 1854 map locates Meshech together with Gog and Magog, roughly in the southern Caucasus.

thumb Madai (, ; , ) is a son of Japheth and one of the 16 grandsons of Noah in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible.

genealogy of the sons of Noah and their dispersion into many lands after the Flood found in Genesis

thumb|340px|Red: Son of Japhet, Yellow: Son of Ham. Blue: Son of Shem

Tubal (, Tuḇāl), in Genesis 10 (the "Table of Nations"), was the name of a son of Japheth, son of Noah. Modern scholarship has identified him with Tabal. Traditionally, he is considered to be the father of the Caucasian Iberians (ancestors of the Georgians) according to primary sources. Later, Saint Jerome refashioned the Caucasian Iberia (Georgia) into the Iberian Peninsula (Western Europe) and Isidore of Seville consolidated this idea.

thumb|260px|Ashkenaz is shown in Phrygia in this 1854 map of "The World as known to the Hebrews" ([[Lyman Coleman, Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography)]] Ashkenaz ( ʾAškənāz) in the Hebrew Bible is one of the descendants of Noah. Ashkenaz is the first son of Gomer, and a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of Nations. In rabbinic literature, the descendants of Ashkenaz were first associated with the Scythian cultures, then later with the Slavic territories, and, from the 11th century onwards, with Germany and northern Europe, or the Indo-European people, in a manner similar to Tzar

Put the son of Ham, one of the three sons of Noah

The Ishmaelites (; ) were a collection of various Arab tribes, tribal confederations and small kingdoms described in Abrahamic tradition as being descended from and named after Ishmael.

Son of Japheth in Genesis 10, and people descended from him

Tiras ( Ṯīrās) is, according to the Book of Genesis () and 1 Chronicles, the seventh and youngest son of Japheth in the Hebrew Bible. A brother of biblical Javan (associated with the Greek people), its geographical locale is sometimes associated by scholars with the Teresh or Tursha, one of the groups which made up the Sea Peoples, a naval confederacy which terrorized Egypt and other Mediterranean nations around 1200 BCE. These Sea People are referred to as "Tursha" in an inscription of Ramesses III, and as "Teresh of the Sea" on the Merneptah Stele.

thumb|300px|right|The world as known to the Hebrews (1854 construction) Kittim was a settlement in present-day Larnaca on the east coast of Cyprus, known in ancient times as Kition. On this basis, the whole island became known as "Kittim" in Hebrew, including the Hebrew Bible. However the name seems to have been employed with some flexibility in Hebrew literature. It was often applied to the Aegean Islands and even to "the W[est] in general, but esp[ecially] the seafaring W[est]". Flavius Josephus () records in his Antiquities of the Jews that

biblical character

Riphath (Hebrew: ריפת) was great-grandson of Noah, grandson of Japheth, son of Gomer (Japheth's eldest), younger brother of Ashkenaz, and older brother of Togarmah according to the Table of Nations in the Hebrew Bible (, ). The name appears in some copies of 1 Chronicles as "Diphath", due to the similarities of the characters resh and dalet in the Hebrew and Aramaic alphabets.

The Hivites () were one group of descendants of Canaan, son of Ham, according to the Generations of Noah in the Book of Genesis 10:17. A variety of proposals have been made, but beyond the references in the Hebrew Bible to Hivites in Canaan, no consensus has been reached about their precise historical identity.

thumb|300px|right|One reconstruction of the Generations of Noah, placing the "Caphthorim" on [[Ancient Crete]] Caphtor ( ) is a locality mentioned in the Bible, in which its people are called Caphtorites or Caphtorim and are named as a division of the ancient Egyptians. Caphtor is also mentioned in ancient inscriptions from Egypt, Mari, and Ugarit.

Dodanim ( Dōḏānīm) or Rodanim, ( Rōḏānīm, , Ródioi) was, in the Book of Genesis, a son of Javan (thus, a great-grandson of Noah). Dodanim's brothers, according to Genesis 10:4, were Elishah, Tarshish and Chittim. He is usually associated with the people of the island of Rhodes as their progenitor. "-im" is a plural suffix in Hebrew, and the name may refer to the inhabitants of Rhodes. Traditional Hebrew manuscripts are split between the spellings Dodanim and Rodanim — one of which is probably a copyist's error, as the Hebrew letters for R and D ( and respectively) are quite similar graph

thumb|100px|right|The Table of Nations according to the Bible Elishah ( ’Ĕlîšāh) was the son of Javan according to the Book of Genesis (10:4) in the Masoretic Text. The Greek Septuagint of Genesis 10 lists Elisa not only as the son of Javan, but also a grandson of Japheth. His name is spelled differently in Hebrew to the prophet Elisha, ending in a hei () instead of an ayin ().

The Rechabites () were a Biblical clan, the descendants of Rechab through Jehonadab.

The Perizzites () are a group of people mentioned many times in the Hebrew Bible as having lived in the land of Canaan before the arrival of the Israelites. The name may be related to a Hebrew term meaning "rural person".

Anakim ( ʿĂnāqīm) are mentioned in the Bible as descendants of Anak.

Kenizzite (, also spelled Cenezite in the Douay–Rheims Bible) was an Edomite tribe referred to in the covenant God made with Abraham (). They are not mentioned among the other inhabitants of Canaan in and and probably inhabited some part of Arabia, in the confines of Syria.

ethnic group mentioned in the Hebrew Bible

Raamah (, Raʿmā) is a name found in the Torah, meaning "lofty" or "exalted", and possibly "thunder".

thumb|right|Map of Horites lands

The Emites ( or ) or Emim ( ʾĒmīm) was the Moabite name for Repha'im.

group of humans

Ludim () is the Hebrew term for a people mentioned in Jeremiah and Ezekiel. In the Biblical Table of Nations Genesis 10:13 they were descended from Mizraim. The biblical scholar Victor P. Hamilton believes that the available evidence "suggests" that the Ludim are the Lydians.

__NOTOC__ Anamim (, ‘Ănāmīm) is, according to the Bible, either a son of Ham's son Mizraim or the name of a people descending from him. Biblical scholar Donald E. Gowan describes their identity as "completely unknown."

The Kadmonites (, "sons of the East" ; adjectival: , "easterners") were, according to the Hebrew Bible, the peoples mentioned as inhabiting the land promised by God in a covenant to Abraham in .

thumb|300px|right|A map of the Generations of Noah, placing the "Pathrusim" in [[Upper Egypt.]]

The Avim, Avvim () or Avvites of Philistia in the Old Testament were a people dwelling in Hazerim, or "the villages" or "encampments", on the south-west corner of the sea-coast. Their name is first used in in a description of the conquests that had taken place in Canaan before the Israelites arrived. The passage relates that they were conquered by the Caphtorites who usurped their land. They were also theorized to be Rephaim based on the chapter's overall focus on historic wars against the Rephaim.