Helvetic Republic

former Swiss polity under Napoleonic domination

1801 Treaty during the War of the Second Coalition

decree by Napoleon Bonaparte on 19 February 1803, re-establishing the Swiss cantons and the Confederation, abolishing the Helvetic Republic

Swiss political leader (1754-1838)

Swiss botanist (1768-1831)

The ("War of Sticks") was a civil war in Switzerland in 1802 that resulted in the collapse of the Helvetic Republic, the renewed French occupation of Switzerland and ultimately the Act of Mediation dictated by Napoleon Bonaparte on 19 February 1803. The conflict pitted federalist insurgents, mostly drawn from the rural population, against government forces of the unitary Helvetic Republic. The term , or "wooden club," from which the conflict draws its name, refers to the improvised weaponry of the insurgents.

Swiss politician and entrepreneur (1755-1836)

1799 military campaign

1799 Austro–Russian expedition during the War of the Second Coalition