Hindu calendar

historical calendar of hindus

collection of traditional lunisolar calendars of the Hindus

all about the Shaka era

thumb|Ekadashis are associated with the worship of the god Vishnu, patron of the Vaishnavism sect.

thumb|The astronomical basis of the Hindu lunar day

Amavasya () represents the lunar phase of new moon in the Hindu calendar. A calendar month ends on amavasya as per the amanta tradition of the Hindu lunar calendar. Various Hindu beliefs and rituals are associated with the day. Hindu festivals including Diwali are celebrated on the amavasya day of various months.

Purnima () represents the lunar phase of full moon in the Hindu calendar. A calendar month ends on purnima as per the purnimanta tradition of the Hindu lunar calendar. Various Hindu beliefs and festivals are associated with the purnima day of various months.

concept of time in Hinduism

Nepalese Traditional Calendar

sixth day of the lunar fortnight

Ashtami (अष्टमी aṣṭamī) is the eighth day (Tithi) of Hindu lunar calendar.

Navami () is the Sanskrit word for "ninth", and is the ninth day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Navami days, being the ninth day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Navami occurs on the ninth and the twenty-fourth day of each month.

Dashami () is the Sanskrit word for "tenth", and is the tenth day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Dashami days, being the tenth day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Dashami occurs on the tenth and the twenty-fifth day of each month.

thumb|Chaturthi is associated with the worship of Hindu deity Ganesha (pictured). Chaturthi () refers to the fourth day of a lunar fortnight in the Hindu calendar.

Pratipada () or Prathama () is the Sanskrit word for 'first', and is the first day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Pratipada days, being the first day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Pratipada occurs on the first and the fifteenth day of each month.

Adhika-māsa (), also called the Adhik-mas, Mala-māsa, and the Purushottama-māsa, is an intercalated month in the Hindu calendar that is inserted to keep the lunar calendar aligned with the months of the year. The adhika-masa is an extra lunar month added to the solar calendar every three years so that the lunar and the solar years are synchronised, along with the agricultural cycle and seasons.

Panchami () is the fifth day (tithi) of the fortnight (paksha) in the Hindu lunar calendar.

Chaturdashi () is the 14th day (tithi) of the waxing phase or waning phase of the moon in the Hindu calendar. This is the day prior to new moon (amavasya) or full moon (purnima).

Sankranti () refers to the transmigration of the sun from one zodiac to another in Indian astronomy. In Saurmana varsha (Hindu Solar year), there are twelve Sankrantis corresponding with twelve months of a year. The Sankrantis can be broadly classified into four main categories: Ayan (Solstice), Vishuva (Equinox), Vishupadi and Shadshitimukhi sankrantis. Each Sankranti is marked as the beginning of a month in the sidereal solar calendars followed in South Indian states: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka; Himalayan states: Jammu region, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Nort

Tritiya (Sanskrit: 'third') is the third day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Tritiya days, being the third day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. It is called as Tadige in Kannada.

Trayodashi is the Sanskrit word for "thirteen", and is the thirteenth day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Trayodashi days, being the thirteenth day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Thus Trayodashi occurs on the thirteenth and the twenty-eighth day of each month.

The term Uttarāyaṇa (commonly Uttarayanam) is derived from two different Sanskrit words – "uttaram" (North) and "ayanam" (movement) – thus indicating the northward movement of the Sun. In the Gregorian calendar, this pertains to the "actual movement of the sun with respect to the earth." It is also known as the six-month period that occurs between the winter solstice and the summer solstice (approximately 20 December - 20 June). According to the Indian solar calendar, it refers to the movement of the Sun through the zodiac. This difference occurs because the solstices continually precess at a

thumb|Phases of the Moon Paksha () refers to a fortnight period consisting of various lunar phases in a month of the Hindu lunar calendar. Literally meaning "side" in Sanskrit, it refers to the periods between amavasya (new moon) and purnima (full moon), and vice versa.

Dvadashi (), also rendered Dwadashi, is the twelfth lunar day (tithi) of the shukla (bright) or krishna (dark) fortnight, or Paksha, of every lunar month in the Hindu calendar.

thumb|right| Panchaanga in Kannada thumb|Tamil Vakya Panchangam

thumb|right|alt=Dvitiya|Dvitiya Dvitiya () also referred to as Beej () and Dooj () is the Sanskrit word for "second", and is the second day of the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each Hindu month has two dvitiya days, being the second day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Dvitiya occurs on the second and the seventeenth day of each month.

sidereal Hindu calendar used by the Tamil people

luni-solar calendar used by the Punjabi people of the Indian subcontinent

Samvatsara (संवत्सर) is a Sanskrit term for a "year" in Vedic literature such as the Rigveda and other ancient texts. In the medieval era literature, a samvatsara refers to the "Jovian year", that is a year based on the relative position of the planet Jupiter, while the solar year is called varsha. A jovian year is not equal to a solar year based on the relative position of Earth and Sun.

calendar used on the Indonesian island of Bali

calendar used in the Indian state of Kerala

thumb|260x260px|The Ratha Yatra festival is marked during the season of Grishma

Name of Indian season.

Pradosha or Pradosham (IAST: Pradoṣa) is a bimonthly occasion on the thirteenth day (Trayodashi) of every fortnight in the Hindu calendar. It is closely connected with the worship of the Hindu god Shiva. The auspicious three-hour period 1.5 hours before and after sunset is considered as the most suited and optimal time for worship of Shiva on this day. The fasting vow performed during the period is called "Pradosha vrata". A devotee should wear rudraksha, Vibhuti and worship Shiva by abhisheka, Sandalwood paste, bael leaves, fragrance, deepa and naivedya (food offerings).

season in the Hindu calendar

Dakshinayana () is a Hindu astronomical concept that refers to the movement of the sun to the south of the equator, and is also a term that indicates the six-month period between the summer solstice and the winter solstice. Dakshinayana begins on Karka Sankranti or July 16, as it marks the transition of the sun into Karka rashi (Cancer).

calendar