Historically recognized angiosperm orders

Urticales is an order of flowering plants. Before molecular phylogenetics became an important part of plant taxonomy, Urticales was recognized in many, perhaps even most, systems of plant classification, with some variations in circumscription. Among these is the Cronquist system (1981), which placed the order in the subclass Hamamelidae , as comprising: Barbeyaceae Cannabaceae Cecropiaceae Moraceae Ulmaceae Urticaceae

thumb|Viola tricolor Violales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants and takes its name from the included family Violaceae; it was proposed by Lindley (1853). The name has been used in several systems, although some systems used the name Parietales for similar groupings. In the 1981 version of the influential Cronquist system, order Violales was placed in subclass Dilleniidae with a circumscription consisting of the families listed below. Some classifications such as that of Dahlgren placed the Violales in the superorder Violiflorae (also called Violanae).

thumb|250px|Capparis sandwichiana Capparales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. It was used in the Cronquist system for an order in subclass Dilleniidae and in the Kubitzki system, nowadays. In the 1981 version of this system it included :

thumb|Platycodon grandiflorus Campanulales is a valid botanic name for a plant order. It was used in the Cronquist system as an order within the subclass Asteridae in the class Magnoliopsida flowering plants. As then circumscribed it included the families:

thumb|right|250px|Phalaenopsis orchid

thumb|Primula vulgaris

thumb | rightTheales is a botanical name at the rank of order. Early classifications such as that of Dahlgren placed the Theales in the superorder Theiflorae (also called Theanae). The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae, in the 1981 version of the system the circumscription was:

REDIRECT Poales#Cyperales

thumb|Arum maculatum Arales is an order of flowering plants. The name was used in the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Arecidae, circumscribed as (1981):

order of plants

thumb|Nepenthes rajah

thumb|300px|Hamamelis virginiana, a member of the family Hamamelidaceae Hamamelidales is an order of flowering plants formerly accepted in a number of systems of plant taxonomy, including the Cronquist system published in 1968 and 1988. The order is not currently accepted in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III system of plant taxonomy, the most widely accepted system as molecular systematic studies have suggested that these families are not closely related to each other. The APG II system (2003) assigns them to several different orders: Hamamelidaceae and Cercidiphyllaceae to Saxifragales, Eupt

thumb|Nogal (Juglans regia)

thumb|Member of the Zosteraceae Najadales is the botanical name of an order of flowering plants. A well-known system that used this name is the Cronquist system (1981), which used this name for an order in subclass Alismatidae with this circumscription:

thumb|Diospyros lotus Ebenales is an order of flowering plants. This order was recognized in several systems, for example the Bentham & Hooker system and the Engler system, although the Wettstein system preferred the name Diospyrales'. In the 1981 version of the Cronquist system it was an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae with the following circumscription:

thumb|Juncus effusus

thumb|inflorescence Polygonales was an order of flowering plants recognized by several older systems such as the Wettstein system, last revised in 1935, the Engler system, in its update of 1964, and the Cronquist system, 1981. Its circumscription was typically:

thumb|Rhamnus cathartica

thumb|Typha latifolia Typhales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. In the Cronquist system the name was used for an order placed in the subclass Commelinidae. The order consisted of (1981):

thumb|Bromelia humilis

thumbnail|300px|Callitriche hermaphroditica, a member of the Callitrichaceae Callitrichales is a proposed order of flowering plants. As circumscribed by American botanist Arthur Cronquist in the Cronquist system (1981), the order included three families: Hippuridaceae Callitrichaceae Hydrostachyaceae A feature is the single stamen in the flower.

thumb|Myriophyllum spicatum

thumb|Batis maritima Batales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. This name was used in several systems, sometimes in the spelling Batidales. Often this order consisted of the genus Batis only. In the 1981 version of the Cronquist system it was an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae with the following circumscription:

thumb|Illicium floridanum

thumb|Linum usitatissimum Linales is a previous botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription in 1981:

thumb| Lecythidales is a botanical name at the rank of order. The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae. This order included only the family Lecythidaceae, which family now (in the APG II system) is placed in the order Ericales.

thumb| Triuridales was an order of flowering plants that was used in the Cronquist system, in the subclass Alismatidae. It used the following circumscription:

thumb|flowers of Plumbago

thumb|Aristolochia paucinervis

thumb|Rafflesia kerrii Rafflesiales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The name was first published by Oliver in 1895. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription (1981) :

thumb|Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, a member of the family Hydrocharitaceae Hydrocharitales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system (1981) used this name for an order in subclass Alismatidae, with this circumscription:

thumb|Restio tetraphyllus

thumb|Daphniphyllum macropodum

thumb|Boopis bupleuroides, a member of the family Calyceraceae Calycerales is a historically recognized order of flowering plants. When accepted, it included the family Calyceraceae, which is now placed in the Asterales, with Calycerales treated as a synonym of Asterales.

REDIRECT Poales#Eriocaulales

thumb|The grass Pennisetum villosum

REDIRECT Trithuria#Hydatellales