History of mining

Vitruvius ( ; ; –70 BC – after ) was a Roman architect and engineer during the 1st century BC, known for his multi-volume work titled . As the only treatise on architecture to survive from antiquity, it has been regarded since the Renaissance as the first book on architectural theory, as well as a major source on the canon of classical architecture. It is not clear to what extent his contemporaries regarded his book as original or important.

German mineralogist (1494-1555)

English inventor, ironmonger and Baptist lay preacher (1664-1729)

English inventor and engineer

safety lamp for use in flammable atmospheres

Niter or nitre is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3. It is a soft, white, highly soluble mineral found primarily in arid climates or cave deposits.

thumb|right|Crystals of cassiterite, a commercially valuable [[ore mineral, in a matrix of quartz, the gangue]] thumb|Banded Zn-Pb ore sample with [[sphalerite (brown) and (silver-grey) galena as main ore minerals and (white) calcite as main gangue mineral]]

world history written by Diodorus Siculus

papyurs of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (Egyptian New Kingdom), 1156–1150 BCE, in the collection of Museo Egizio, Turin, Italy (Cat.1879/+ Cat.1969 + Cat.1899)

thumb|Prospector and burro, western Colorado, USA, thumb|upright|Schoolchildren learn to pan for gold, Denver, 1972. thumb|Rich specimen from a 2009 gold discovery by a prospector in southeastern Yukon Territory. The gold, deposited along a fracture, appears rusty-orange in this photo.

accident that occurs during the process of mining minerals

thumb Bergstad or Bergstaden is an old classification for a mining town in Norway. In the past, a bergstad had its own laws, so-called mountain laws. Today, the town of Røros is the only remaining bergstad in Norway.

mining technique using high-pressure jets of water to carve away minerals

place of production of potassium nitrate or saltpetre from organic matter

technique of mining stream bed deposits for minerals

The lachter (also Berglachter) was a common unit of length used in the mining industry in Europe, usually to measure depth, tunnel driving and the size of mining fields; it was also used for contract work. In most German-speaking mining fields it was the most important unit of length.

archaeological site

New diamond discovery triggering an onrush of miners seeking their fortune

Harsh Roman sentence for Christians

community that houses miners

thumb|The hammer and pick: symbol of mining