Hyaenodonts

Hyaenodon ("hyena-tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous placental mammals from the tribe Hyaenodontini, part of the subfamily Hyaenodontinae (which is within the family Hyaenodontidae), that belonged to the now extinct order Hyaenodonta. The genus was found lived in Eurasia and North America from the Middle Eocene to the Early Miocene, from 38 to 17 million years ago, existing for . Hyaenodon first evolved in Asia, probably evolving from Propterodon.

Hyaenodontidae ("hyena teeth") is a family of placental mammals in the extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Asia, North America and Europe.

Megistotherium ("greatest beast") is an extinct genus of very large hyaenodont belonging to the family Hyainailouridae that lived in Africa and possibly Asia during the early-middle Miocene epoch. The first specimen, a near-complete skull, was discovered in 1963 by Robert J. G. Savage in Libya, and was kept at the Natural History Museum in London alongside postcrania discovered in the prior few years. In 1973, Savage described Megistotherium based on these elements, with the skull serving as the type specimen. It was later determined that the assigned postcrania actually came from an amphicyon

Simbakubwa ("great lion" in Swahili) is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts belonging to the family Hyainailouridae that lived in Kenya during the Early Miocene. It was discovered between 1978 and 1981 near Meswa Bridge in western Kenya, and its remains, consisting of a lower jaw, part of the snout, and some of the smaller limb bones, were originally believed to come from hyena. After re-examination by Matthew Borths and Nancy Stevens, it was named and assigned to the hyaenodont lineage in 2019. One species of Simbakubwa, S. kutokaafrika, has been described.

Dissopsalis ('double scissors') is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts from extinct tribe Dissopsalini within family Teratodontidae. The older species, D. pyroclasticus, lived in Kenya during the middle Miocene (15.0 to 9.0 Ma), while the type species, D. carnifex, lived in Pakistan and India during the early to late Miocene (17 to 10.0 Ma). Dissopsalis was the last known hyaenodont genus.

Hyaenodonta ("hyena teeth") is an extinct order of mostly carnivorous placental mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora from mirorder Ferae. Hyaenodonts were important mammalian predators that are believed to have arose either in the Late Cretaceous or Early Paleocene within Europe, and persisted well into the Late Miocene. Hyaenodonts were found across Africa, Eurasia, and North America throughout the Cenozoic and occupied a variety of ecosystems, from forests to coastlines. They displayed a variety of body shapes, diet, and sizes. Ranging from ambush predators like Hyainailouros to Hyaenodon, in whic

Hyainailouros ("hyena-cat") is an extinct polyphyletic genus of hyaenodont belonging to the family Hyainailouridae that lived during the Early to Late Miocene from 20.0 to 11.4 million years ago, making it one of the last known hyaenodonts. This genus comprises at least three species spread across Afro-Eurasia. Currently, there’s a debate whether or not Megistotherium was synonymous to Hyainailouros or a separate genus entirely. The genus currently consists of at least 3 species, H. bugtiensis, H. sulzeri, and H. napakensis. H. sulzeri was the type species of and the largest species within the

Tritemnodon ("three cutting teeth") was an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North America during the early Eocene. Fossils of Tritemnodon agilis have been found in Utah and Wyoming (Willwood Formation of Big Horn County and the Lower Bridger Formation of Uinta County). It was the size of a wolf.

Hyainailouridae ("hyena-like cats") is a paraphyletic family of extinct predatory mammals within the polyphyletic superfamily Hyainailouroidea within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Fossil records show hyainailourids arose during the Middle Eocene, although Early Eocene origin is suspected, the family persisted into the Late Miocene.'' Fossils of this group have been found in Eurasia, Africa, and North America. ==Classification and phylogeny== ===Relations=== Hyainailouridae used to be considered a subfamily of Hyaenodontidae, but cladistic study by Sole et al.'', (2013, 2015) treats it as a disti

Lesmesodon ("tooth from Messel") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct clade Proviverrinae within extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea (in extinct order Hyaenodonta), that lived during the Early to Middle Eocene. It was found in France and in the Messel Pit in Germany.

Proviverra ("before civet") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from the extinct clade Proviverrinae within the extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea, itself within the extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived during the Middle Eocene in Europe.

genus of extinct placental mammals

genus of extinct placental mammals

Limnocyon ("swamp dog") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of limnocyonin hyaenodonts that lived in North America during the middle Eocene. Fossils of this animal have been found in California, Utah and Wyoming.

Sinopa ("swift fox") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct clade Sinopinae within extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North America and Asia from the early to middle Eocene.

Prolimnocyon ("before Limnocyon") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of limnocyonin hyaenodonts that lived in Asia and North America during the Late Paleocene to Middle Eocene. Prolimnocyon chowi is one of the earliest known member of the order Hyaenodonta and clade Limnocyoninae.

Cartierodon ("Cartier's tooth ") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae, that existed in Europe (Switzerland and France) during the middle Eocene epoch (Lutetian stage). It is a monotypic genus that contains the single species C. egerkingensis.

Apterodon ("without winged tooth") is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts from extinct subfamily Apterodontinae within paraphyletic family Hyainailouridae, that lived from the late Eocene to the early Oligocene epoch in Africa and Europe. Including supplementary materials It is closely related to the African Quasiapterodon.

genus of mammals (fossil)

Galecyon ("polecat-like dog") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in Europe and North America (found in the Clarks Fork and Powder River basins of Wyoming) during the early Eocene.

Bastetodon (meaning "Bastet tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous hyaenodont mammal from the Early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation of Egypt. The genus contains single species, B. syrtos, which was originally assigned to the genus Pterodon. It was a medium-sized hyaenodont, with an estimated body mass ranging around .

Metapterodon ("next to Pterodon") is an extinct genus of hyainailourid hyaenodonts of the subfamily Hyainailourinae, that lived in Africa during the early Oligocene to early Miocene. Fossils of Metapterodon were recovered from Egypt, Uganda, Elisabeth Bay Formation in Namibia, and Rusinga Island and Karungu in Kenya.

Limnocyoninae ("swamp dogs") is a clade of extinct predatory mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta. Fossil remains of these mammals are known from late Paleocene to late Eocene deposits in North America and Asia. Limnocyonines had only two molars in the upper and lower dentition.

Furodon ("tooth of a thief") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North Africa (Tunisia and Algeria) from the early to middle Eocene epoch. It is a monotypic genus that contains the species F. crocheti.

Pakakali ("fierce cat") is an extinct genus of hyainailourid hyaenodont mammal of the subfamily Hyainailourinae, that lived in what is now Tanzania during the Late Oligocene. It is known from a single species, P. rukwaensis.

Cynohyaenodon ("dog-like Hyaenodon") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae that lived from the early to middle Eocene in Europe.

Eurotherium ("european beast") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from the extinct family Hyaenodontidae that lived from the Early to Middle Eocene in Europe.

Hemipsalodon ("half-scissor tooth") is an extinct genus of hyainailourid hyaenodonts from the subfamily Hyainailourinae that lived in North America during the middle to late Eocene. H. grandis was the largest hyaenodont found in North America, weighing .

Hyaenodontinae ("hyena teeth") is an extinct subfamily of predatory placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae. Fossil remains of these mammals are known from early Eocene to early Miocene deposits in Europe, Asia and North America.

Hyainailourinae ("hyena-like cats") is a paraphyletic subfamily of hyaenodonts from extinct paraphyletic family Hyainailouridae. They arose during the Middle Eocene in Asia, and persisted well into the Late Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Africa, Eurasia, and North America.

Maocyon ("dog from Maoming") is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts from extinct paraphyletic subfamily Hyainailourinae within paraphyletic family Hyainailouridae, that lived during the late Eocene in China. It is a monotypic genus that contains the species M. peregrinus.

Pyrocyon ("fire dog") is an extinct genus of small carnivorous placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North America during the early Eocene. Fossils of Pyrocyon have been found in Wyoming and Colorado. Weight of Pyrocyon dioctetus has been estimated at around 2.6 kilograms.

Brychotherium (meaning "greedily eating beast") is an extinct genus of teratodontid hyaenodonts, a group of predatory pan-carnivoran mammals. The order name hyenadont comes from their hyena-like dentition, which refers to their carnassial-like slicing teeth and not to the bone-crushing dentition of modern spotted and brown hyenas. The family name Teratodontidae means "monstrous teeth", referring to their typically large and hypercarnivorous dentition. The genus is dated to the late Eocene, about 34 million years ago in Egypt and contains a single described species, Brychotherium ephalmos (spec

Falcatodon ("curved tooth") is an extinct genus of hyainailourid hyaenodonts of the subfamily Hyainailourinae, from the Early Oligocene (Rupelian) of the Faiyum Oasis depression in Egypt.

Apterodontinae ("without winged tooth") is an extinct subfamily of hyaenodonts from extinct paraphyletic family Hyainailouridae, specialised for aquatic, otter-like habits. They lived in Africa and Europe from the late Eocene to middle Oligocene.

Indohyaenodon ("indian Hyaenodon") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from family Indohyaenodontidae within extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived during the early Eocene in India.

Boritia ("animal from La Borie") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae, that lived in France during the early Eocene epoch (Ypresian stage). It is a monotypic genus that contains the species B. duffaudi.

Sekhmetops (meaning "Sekhmet face") is an extinct genus of carnivorous hyaenodont mammals from the Early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation of Egypt. The genus contains two species, S. africanus and S. phiomensis, both of which were originally assigned to the genus Pterodon.

Mlanyama ("carnivore") is an extinct genus of hyainailourid hyaenodont mammal of the subfamily Hyainailourinae, that lived from the Late Oligocene to early Miocene in northwestern Kenya (found at Benson's Site).

Orienspterodon ("eastern Pterodon") is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts from extinct paraphyletic subfamily Hyainailourinae within paraphyletic family Hyainailouridae, that lived from middle to late Eocene in China and Myanmar. Type species O. dahkoensis was originally assigned to genus Pterodon in 1975, but was eventually assigned to its own genus in 2007.

Metasinopa ("next to Sinopa") is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts from extinct family Teratodontidae that lived during the early Oligocene in Egypt (northern Africa).

Proviverrinae ("before civets") is an extinct clade of placental mammals within superfamily Hyaenodontoidea in extinct order Hyaenodonta. Fossil remains of these mammals are known from early to late Eocene deposits in Europe. Their decline was thought to have been the result with of competition with carnivorans, hyaenodontines, and hyainailourines.

Boualitomus ("Bou Ali cutter") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct paraphyletic clade Boualitominae within extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in what is now Morocco during the earliest Eocene.

Preregidens ("frontal royal tooth") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae, found in what is now France. It lived during the early Eocene epoch (Ypresian stage). It is a monotypic genus that contains the species P. langebadrae.

Prodissopsalis ("before Dissopsalis") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct family Hyaenodontidae, that lived in Europe during the middle Eocene. P. eocaenicus fossils are known from France and the site of Geiseltal in Germany. P. jimenezi is known from Mazaterón in Spain.

Lahimia ("carnivore") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct paraphyletic clade Boualitominae within extinct order Hyaenodonta, known from the middle Paleocene (Selandian stage) of Morocco. Lahimia selloumi is one of the oldest known members of order Hyaenodonta.

Parvavorodon ("small devouring tooth") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North Africa (Morocco and Algeria) from the early to middle Eocene epoch. It is a monotypic genus that contains the species P. gheerbranti.

Ekweeconfractus ("broken fox") is an extinct genus of hyaenodont mammal of the hyainailourid subfamily Hyainailourinae, known from 17-million-year-old deposits at the Moruorot site in Kenya.