Indentured servitude

Serfdom was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed during late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century and became the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism and similar systems.

ostensibly temporary slave via contract

Girmitiyas, (Kaithi: , ) also known as Jahazis (Hindustani: , ) or Jahajis (), were indentured labourers from British India transported to work on plantations in Fiji, South Africa, Mauritius, and the Caribbean (namely Trinidad and Tobago, British Guiana, Suriname and Jamaica) as part of the Indian indenture system.

system of indentured servitude, functioning as a substitute for slave labour, following the abolition of the slave trade in 1833 and continued until the 1920s