Information theory

Information is an abstract concept that refers to something which has the power to inform. At the most fundamental level, it pertains to the interpretation (perhaps formally) of that which may be sensed, or their abstractions. Any natural process that is not completely random and any observable pattern in any medium can be said to convey some amount of information. Whereas digital signals and other data use discrete signs to convey information, other phenomena and artifacts such as analogue signals, poems, pictures, music or other sounds, and currents convey information in a more continuous fo

mathematical theory from the field of probability theory and statistics

American mathematician and information theorist (1916–2001)

study of a model of computation

expected value of the amount of information delivered by a message

notation for quantum states

physical or logical connection used for transmission of information

theorem in signal processing describing discrete samples of a continuous signal

thumb|MIMO exploits multipath propagation to multiply link capacity.

Swedish-American physicist and electrical engineer (1889–1976)

number of bits that differ between two strings

empirical rule that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of its number of users

in information theory, extra bits transmitted without adding information

maximum rate of data transfer over a network

measure of algorithmic complexity

the process of generating a sequence of numbers or symbols that can not be reasonably predicted better than by random chance

mathematics award

tight upper bound on the rate at which information can be reliably transmitted over a communications channel

measure of dependence between two variables

theory of language

subfield of information theory and computer science

way of measuring the amount of information that an observable random variable carries about an unknown parameter of a distribution that models it

theorem that tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted

maximum rate of production or the maximum rate at which something can be processed

principle in computer security

limit on data transfer rate

measure of relative information in probability theory and information theory

formula for bet sizing that maximise expected value

Data compression theory

signal processing technique for efficiently acquiring and reconstructing a signal, by finding solutions to underdetermined linear systems

1948 article by Claude Shannon

American electrical engineer & physicist best known for rediscovering Benford's Law (1883-1948)

theory in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropic force

concept of communication and information processing

information theory term for the receiving end of a communication channel

information rate that can be transmitted over a given bandwidth

integrated model of the concepts of information source, message, transmitter, signal, channel, noise, receiver, information destination, probability of error, encoding, decoding, information rate, channel capacity, etc

theory within consciousness research

logarithmic quantity derived from the probability of a particular event

index to measure economic inequality

how people find information

string metric for measuring the edit distance between two sequences

Value of a network is 2^n. Based on expoentual increase in sub groups formable

time density of the average information in a stochastic process

theorem

Amount of ciphertext needed to unambiguously break an encryption system

complexity of sending information in a distributed algorithm

family of diversity measures generalising Shannon entropy

measures of service quality of a network as seen by the customer

In signal processing, oversampling is the process of sampling a signal at a sampling frequency significantly higher than the Nyquist rate. Theoretically, a bandwidth-limited signal can be perfectly reconstructed if sampled at the Nyquist rate or above it. The Nyquist rate is defined as twice the bandwidth of the signal. Oversampling is capable of improving resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be helpful in avoiding aliasing and phase distortion by relaxing anti-aliasing filter performance requirements.

concept in information theory

information Theory

set of multiple-input and multiple-output technologies for wireless communication, in which a set of users or wireless terminals, each with one or more antennas, communicate with each other

method of making decisions based on insufficient or fuzzy information

generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy

German communication theorist (1897–1977)

computer Networking Program

in telecommunication and information theory, the proportion of the data-stream that is useful

lemma

quantum computer that first prepares an entangled resource state and then performs single qubit measurements on it