Ismailism

The Druze, who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (), are an esoteric religious group of Arabs who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and syncretic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and the eternity of the soul.

Shia Islamic caliphate (909–1171)

Ismailism, known historically and among practitioners as Batiniyya (), is a branch of Shia Islam. Like all Shia, the Ismailis emphasize a distinction between the exoteric (zahir) and esoteric (batin) dimension of Islam. However, unlike other Shia, the Ismailis are characterized by a unique emphasis on the esoteric.

German-british author and scholar of Islamic history (1930—2023)

Batiniyya () refers to groups that distinguish between an outer, exoteric (zāhir) and an inner, esoteric (bāṭin) meaning in Islamic scriptures.

'''Tasu'a''' () is the ninth day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. Tasu'a is followed by Ashura, tenth of Muharram, which marks the death of Husayn ibn Ali, a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the third Shia imam. Husayn refused on moral grounds to pledge his allegiance to the Umayyad caliph Yazid I () and was subsequently killed, alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, by the Umayyad army in the Battle of Karbala on Ashura 61 AH (680 CE). Among the Shia minority, mourning for Husayn is viewed as an act of protest against oppression, a struggl

al-Ismāʿīliyya al-khāliṣa / al-Ismāʿīliyya al-wāqifa or Sevener () was a branch of Ismā'īlī Shīʻa. They broke off from the more numerous Twelvers after the death of Jafar al-Sadiq in 765 AD. They became known as "Seveners" because they believed that Isma'il ibn Ja'far was the seventh and last Imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community in the direct line of Ali). They believed his son, Muhammad ibn Isma'il, would return and bring about an age of justice as Mahdi. Their most well-known and active branch were the Qarmatians.

alt=Purity from within |thumb|upright=1.5| A Fatimid medallion depicting the Purity of [[Ahl al Bayt ]]

Russian orientalist (1886–1970)

language script that uses Abugida writing system

Arabic word meaning "a known, or clear, legal injunction"

term used in Shia Islam