Japheth

Japheth ( Yép̄eṯ, in pausa Yā́p̄eṯ; '; ; ') was one of the three sons of Noah in the Book of Genesis. In the biblical narrative he plays a role in the story of Noah's drunkenness and the curse of Ham, and subsequently in the Table of Nations, he is named as the ancestor of the peoples of the Aegean Sea, Anatolia, Caucasus, Greece, and elsewhere in Eurasia.

In Greek mythology, Iapetus or Iapetos (; ; ), also Japetus or Japetos, was one of the Titans, the son of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth) and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius. He was also called the father of Buphagus and Anchiale in other sources.

Hayk (, ), also known as Hayk Nahapet (, , ), is the legendary patriarch and founder of the Armenian nation. He is a central figure in Armenian mythology and national identity, and is traditionally regarded as the eponymous ancestor from whom the Armenian people, the "Hay", derive their name. His tale is recounted in the History of Armenia attributed to the 5th-century historian Movses Khorenatsi, as well as in the Primary History attributed to Sebeos. Additional fragments of his legend survive in other medieval sources and continue to be echoed in Armenian oral tradition and epic poetry.

pair of individuals, peoples, or lands in the Bible and the Qur'an

legendary descendant of the Trojan hero Aeneas

Gomer ( Gōmer; ) was the eldest son of Japheth (and of the Japhetic line), and father of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah, according to the "Table of Nations" in the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 10).

thumb|The world as known to the Hebrews

thumb|The World as known to the Hebrews. This 1854 map locates Meshech together with Gog and Magog, roughly in the southern Caucasus.

thumb|340px|Red: Son of Japhet, Yellow: Son of Ham. Blue: Son of Shem

thumb Madai (, ; , ) is a son of Japheth and one of the 16 grandsons of Noah in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible.

Tubal (, Tuḇāl), in Genesis 10 (the "Table of Nations"), was the name of a son of Japheth, son of Noah. Modern scholarship has identified him with Tabal. Traditionally, he is considered to be the father of the Caucasian Iberians (ancestors of the Georgians) according to primary sources. Later, Saint Jerome refashioned the Caucasian Iberia (Georgia) into the Iberian Peninsula (Western Europe) and Isidore of Seville consolidated this idea.

Son of Japheth in Genesis 10, and people descended from him

thumb|260px|Ashkenaz is shown in Phrygia in this 1854 map of "The World as known to the Hebrews" ([[Lyman Coleman, Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography)]] Ashkenaz ( ʾAškənāz) in the Hebrew Bible is one of the descendants of Noah. Ashkenaz is the first son of Gomer, and a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of Nations. In rabbinic literature, the descendants of Ashkenaz were first associated with the Scythian cultures, then later with the Slavic territories, and, from the 11th century onwards, with Germany and northern Europe, or the Indo-European people, in a manner similar to Tzar

Tiras ( Ṯīrās) is, according to the Book of Genesis () and 1 Chronicles, the seventh and youngest son of Japheth in the Hebrew Bible. A brother of biblical Javan (associated with the Greek people), its geographical locale is sometimes associated by scholars with the Teresh or Tursha, one of the groups which made up the Sea Peoples, a naval confederacy which terrorized Egypt and other Mediterranean nations around 1200 BCE. These Sea People are referred to as "Tursha" in an inscription of Ramesses III, and as "Teresh of the Sea" on the Merneptah Stele.

thumb|300px|right|The world as known to the Hebrews (1854 construction) Kittim was a settlement in present-day Larnaca on the east coast of Cyprus, known in ancient times as Kition. On this basis, the whole island became known as "Kittim" in Hebrew, including the Hebrew Bible. However the name seems to have been employed with some flexibility in Hebrew literature. It was often applied to the Aegean Islands and even to "the W[est] in general, but esp[ecially] the seafaring W[est]". Flavius Josephus () records in his Antiquities of the Jews that

mythical ancestors of the Huns and the Magyars

Riphath (Hebrew: ריפת) was great-grandson of Noah, grandson of Japheth, son of Gomer (Japheth's eldest), younger brother of Ashkenaz, and older brother of Togarmah according to the Table of Nations in the Hebrew Bible (, ). The name appears in some copies of 1 Chronicles as "Diphath", due to the similarities of the characters resh and dalet in the Hebrew and Aramaic alphabets.

Partholón () is a character in medieval Irish Christian pseudohistory, said to have led one of the first groups to settle in Ireland. His name comes from the Biblical name Bartholomaeus (Bartholomew), and may be borrowed from a character in the Christian pseudohistories of Saints Jerome and Isidore of Seville.

thumb|150px|Kartlos from The Georgian Chronicles (King [[Vakhtang VI redaction), 1700s.]] Kartlos () is the legendary progenitor and "father of all Georgians" in the Georgian mythology, more specifically of the nation of Kartli, known as the Kingdom of Iberia in the classical antiquity. He was a descendant of Japheth, second son of Targamos (i.e. Togarmah), the common ancestor of the Caucasians, and Kartlos, himself becoming the patriarch of the Georgians. According to the myth, he controlled a large territory in the Caucasus and participated, with his brothers, in a war to free himself from t

Dodanim ( Dōḏānīm) or Rodanim, ( Rōḏānīm, , Ródioi) was, in the Book of Genesis, a son of Javan (thus, a great-grandson of Noah). Dodanim's brothers, according to Genesis 10:4, were Elishah, Tarshish and Chittim. He is usually associated with the people of the island of Rhodes as their progenitor. "-im" is a plural suffix in Hebrew, and the name may refer to the inhabitants of Rhodes. Traditional Hebrew manuscripts are split between the spellings Dodanim and Rodanim — one of which is probably a copyist's error, as the Hebrew letters for R and D ( and respectively) are quite similar graph

Postulation that the Kartvelian languages of the Caucasus area are related to the Semitic languages of the Middle East; proposed by Nikolay Yakovlevich Marr in 1920s and 1930s, now seen as outdated

thumb|230px|right|This T and O map, from the first printed version of Isidore's [[Etymologiae (Augsburg 1472), identifies the three known continents (Asia, Europe, and Africa) as respectively populated by descendants of Sem (Shem), Iafeth (Japheth), and Cham (Ham).]]

thumb|100px|right|The Table of Nations according to the Bible Elishah ( ’Ĕlîšāh) was the son of Javan according to the Book of Genesis (10:4) in the Masoretic Text. The Greek Septuagint of Genesis 10 lists Elisa not only as the son of Javan, but also a grandson of Japheth. His name is spelled differently in Hebrew to the prophet Elisha, ending in a hei () instead of an ayin ().

legendary king of Scythia

ancestor-eponym of the Lek tribe of the North Caucasus

thumb|350px|Togarmah|Thargamos and his sons.The order of the figures from left to right is: Movakan, Bardos, [[Kartlos, Hayk, Lekos, Thargamos, Caucas, Egros. An opening folio of the Georgian Chronicles (Vakhtangiseuli redaction), 1700s.]]