Jewish apologists

Flavius Josephus (born Yosef ben Mattityahu; ) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader. Best known for writing The Jewish War, he was born in Jerusalem—then part of the Roman province of Judea—to a father of priestly descent and a mother who claimed Hasmonean royal ancestry.

Spanish-Jewish philosopher, poet and physician (c.1075–1141)

rabbi, translator, Jewish philosopher and theologian (0882-0942) active during the Abbasid Caliphate in Egypt and Irak

Moses ben Nachman ( Mōše ben-Nāḥmān, "Moses son of Nachman"; 1194–1270), commonly known as Nachmanides (; Nakhmanídēs), and also referred to by the acronym Ramban (; ) and by the contemporary nickname Bonastruc ça Porta (; literally "Mazel Tov near the Gate", see ), was a leading medieval Jewish scholar, Catalan rabbi, philosopher, physician, kabbalist, and biblical commentator. He was raised, studied, and lived for most of his life in Girona, Catalonia. He is also considered to be an important figure in the re-establishment of the Jewish community in Jerusalem following its destruction by the

Spanish Jewish philosopher and teacher (c.1340–1410/11)

Jewish rabbi

Portuguese rabbi, kabbalist, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher

person associated with Hebrew manuscripts

Rabbinical authority

Venetian rabbi and polymath

French rabbi

person associated with Hebrew manuscripts

Lithuanian Karaite theologian

French rabbi.

Dutch rabbi

Spanish Jewish philosopher

physician

prominent Yemenite rabbi

British-born American rabbi