Jewish groups in Lithuania

thumb|290px|right|An Herem (censure)|anathema against the Hasidim, signed by the [[Gaon of Vilna and other community officials. August 1781.]]

Polish Jews' left-wing political party

The perushim () were Jewish disciples of the Vilna Gaon, Elijah ben Solomon Zalman, who left Lithuania at the beginning of the 19th century to settle in the Land of Israel, which was then part of Ottoman Syria. They were from the section of the community known as misnagdim (opponents of Hasidic Judaism) in Lithuania. They were part of the Old Yishuv.