Jewish royalty

Solomon (), also called Jedidiah, was a king of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah, according to the Hebrew Bible. The successor of his father David, he is described as the penultimate ruler of all Twelve Tribes of Israel under a united Israel and Judah. His reign is hypothesized to have lasted from . According to the biblical narrative, his reign brought commercial prosperity through alliances and trade, but his accumulation of wealth, horses, and foreign wives, many of whom introduced idolatry, led to divine punishment. After Solomon's death, his son Rehoboam’s harsh policies led the northern I

David (; , "beloved one") was, originally, leader of the Tribe of Judah who became the first king of the united Kingdom of Israel according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.

Esther (; ), originally Hadassah (; ), is the eponymous heroine of the Book of Esther in the Hebrew Bible.

thumb|upright=1.05|King Rehoboam, from the Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral#Rose|north rose window of Chartres Cathedral thumb|upright=1.05|Rehoboam and Abijah, from the Sistine Chapel ceiling#Ancestors of Christ|Sistine Chapel ceiling. thumb|upright=1.05|David, Solomon, and Rehoboam, by Lucas van Leyden Rehoboam (; , , ; , ; ) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the last monarch of the United Kingdom of Israel, though his reign over the unified state was brief; after the Northern and Southern kingdoms were divided, he became the first king of the Kingdom of Judah. He was a son of a

Hezekiah (; ), or Ezekias (born , sole ruler ), was the son of Ahaz and the thirteenth king of Judah according to the Hebrew Bible. He is described as "the best-attested figure in biblical history," due to the extensive documentation of his reign in biblical texts and external sources (notably Assyrian inscriptions). His reign was marked by his significant religious reforms and his revolt against the Assyrian Empire. He witnessed the destruction of the northern Kingdom of Israel by the Assyrians under Sargon II in and later faced the Assyrian siege of Jerusalem by King Sennacherib in 701 

Absalom (), according to the Hebrew Bible, was an Israelite prince. Born to David and Maacah, who was from Geshur, he was the only full sibling of Tamar. He is described in the Hebrew Bible as being exceptionally beautiful, as is his sister. In the narrative of 2 Samuel 13, his sister Tamar takes refuge at his house after she is raped by their paternal half-brother Amnon (born to David and Ahinoam, who was from Jezreel); David is angered by the incident, but does nothing, as Amnon is his heir apparent. Infuriated by the rape and David's inaction, Absalom assassinates Amnon and subsequently fle

Athaliah ( Gotholía; ) was the daughter of King Ahab and Queen Jezebel of Israel; she was queen consort of Judah as the wife of King Jehoram, a descendant of King David, and was later queen regnant c. 841–835 BC.

dynasty of the Judean region (140–37 BCE)

Jeconiah ( meaning "Yahweh has established"; ; ), also known as Coniah and as Jehoiachin ( Yəhōyāḵin ; ), was the nineteenth and penultimate king of Judah who was dethroned by the King of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II in the 6th century BCE and was taken into captivity. He was the son and successor of King Jehoiakim, and the grandson of King Josiah. Most of what is known about Jeconiah is found in the Hebrew Bible. Records of Jeconiah's existence have been found in Iraq, such as the Jehoiachin's Rations Tablets. These tablets were excavated near the Ishtar Gate in Babylon and dated to c. 592 BCE.

King of Judaea (11 BC-44 AD) (r. 41-44 AD)

King of Judah noted in 2 Kings 21:18

Jewish leader

Zerubbabel () or Zorobabel ( from ) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, a governor of the Achaemenid Empire's province of Yehud Medinata and the grandson of Jeconiah, penultimate king of Judah. He is not documented in extra-biblical documents, and is considered by Sarah Schulz of the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg as historically plausible, but probably not an actual governor of the province, much like Nehemiah.

Ethnarch of Samaria/Judea/Idumea from 4 BC to 6 AD

Herodias (; ; c. 15 BC – after AD 39) was a princess of the Herodian dynasty of Judaea during the time of the Roman Empire. Christian writings connect her with the execution of John the Baptist.

king of Judea

Amnon (, "faithful") was, in the Hebrew Bible, the oldest son of King David and his second wife, Ahinoam of Jezreel. He was born in Hebron during his father's reign in Judah. He was the heir apparent to the throne of Israel until he was assassinated by his paternal half-brother Absalom to avenge the rape of Absalom's sister Tamar.

According to 2 Samuel, Adonijah (, ’Ǎḏōnīyyā; "my lord is Yah") was the fourth son of King David. His mother was Haggith as recorded in the book of . Adonijah was born at Hebron during the long conflict between David and the House of Saul. In 1 Kings, he briefly proclaimed himself king of Israel during the terminal illness of his father David, before peacefully ceding the throne to his brother Solomon.

Emperor of Ethiopia

son of Herod the Great and ruler of the northeast part of his father's kingdom (r. 4 BCE-34 CE)

second wife of Herod the Great

lineage to King David in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament

Herodian prince of Judea

1st century AD Herodian Prince who was a Roman Client King of Armenia

Roman client king of Chalcis in Iturea (ruled 41–48 AD)

king of Pontus

Hebrew title; occurs 132 times in the Masoretic Text, and usually translated "prince" or "captain"; also a title for the head of the Sanhedrin (during the Second Temple Period) or as a religiopolitical office in the Late Roman Empire

300px|thumb|Gudit stela field, Aksum, Ethiopia thumb|Abreha and Atsbeha Church

thumb|250px|An exhibit depicting Exilarch Rav Huna|Huna at the [[Beit Hatfutsot]] The exilarch was the leader of the Jewish community in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) during the Parthian and Sasanian Empires and Abbasid Caliphate up until the 1258 CE Mongol invasion of Baghdad, with intermittent gaps due to ongoing political developments. The exilarch was regarded by the Jewish community as the royal heir of the Davidic line and held prominence as both a rabbinical authority and a noble within the Persian and Arab courts.

third of four sons born to King David and Bathsheba

Khazar ruler

second wife of Prince Albert I of Monaco (1858-1925)

1st century AD queen of Adiabene and consort of Abgar V, King of Osrhoene

There are two biblical characters named Abihud. One of the sons of Bela, the son of Benjamin; called also Ahihud (1 Chronicles 8:3,7). A son or grandson of Zerubbabel, and member of the Davidic line. Abihud was the father of Eliakim (Matthew 1:13, "Abiud"), and possibly the same as Obadiah (1 Chronicles 3:21).

thumb|upright=1.2|Shealtiel by Girolamo Tessari in Padova, Church of San Francesco Shealtiel (, ), transliterated in Greek as Salathiel (, ), was the son of Jehoiachin, king of Judah (1 Chronicles, ). The Gospel of Matthew 1:12 also list Shealtiel as the son of Jeconiah (line of Solomon). Jeconiah, Shealtiel, as well as most of the royal house and elite of the kingdom, were exiled to Babylon by order of Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon after the first siege of Jerusalem in 597 BC. During the Babylonian captivity, Shealtiel was regarded as the second Exilarch (or king-in-exile), following his fathe

king of the Parthian client kingdom of Adiabene (c.1 CE-55 CE)

Legendary Polish king

Khazar ruler of the late eighth or early ninth century

Hephzibah or Hepzibah ( or ; ) is a minor figure in the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible. She was the wife of Hezekiah, king of Judah (reigned 715 and 686 BCE), and the mother of Manasseh of Judah (reigned 687–643 BCE).

Tahitian queen

Shushandukht (; ) was the Jewish wife of Yazdegerd I, the Sasanian emperor from 399-420, and mother of Bahram V, his successor. She was also said to be the daughter of the Exilarch (Middle Persian rēš-galūdag) Huna bar Nathan. Shushandukht reputedly created the Jewish neighborhood of Jouybareh in Isfahan and also established Jewish colonies in the cities of Susa and Shushtar in what is now Khuzestan province, Iran at the north of the Persian Gulf. The Iranologist Ernst Herzfeld (1879–1948) speculated that the Tomb of Esther and Mordechai in the city of Hamadan might be the tomb of Shushandukht

king of Khazaria

thumb|Ruins of the Omride palace in Samaria (ancient city)|Samaria, modern-day Sebastia The Omride dynasty, Omrides or House of Omri (; ) were the ruling dynasty of the Kingdom of Israel founded by King Omri. The dynasty's rule ended with the murder of Jehoram of Israel by Jehu in c. 841 BC.

King of Khazaria

Herodian princess

Bostanai (Hebrew: בוסתנאי), also transliterated as Bustanai or Bustnay, also known by his personal name Haninai (Hani' in Arabic), was the first Exilarch (leader of the Jewish community of Mesopotamia) under Arab rule. He lived in the early-to-middle of the 7th century, and died about AD 670. The name is Aramaized from the Persian bustan or bostan (Persian : بوستان), meaning "Garden". Bostanai is the only Dark Age Babylonian Exilarch of whom anything more than a footnote is known. He is frequently made the subject of Jewish legends.

The Bulanids were the ruling dynasty of the Khazar Khaganate during the 9th century and 10th century CE.

right|thumb|Coat of arms The Abravanel family ( ʾAbravanʾēl or ʾAbarbənʾēl), also spelled as Abarbanel, Abrabanel, Avravanel, Barbernell, or Barbanel literally meaning Ab ("father") rabban ("priest") el ("of God") is one of the oldest and most distinguished Jewish families. It first achieved prominence on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. Its members claim to trace their origin to the biblical King David. Members of this family lived in Seville, Córdoba (Spanish province), Castile-Leon, and Calatayud. Seville is where its most prominent representative, Don Judah Abravanel, once dwe

Khazar ruler

The Benveniste family is an old, noble, wealthy, and scholarly Sephardic Jewish family of Narbonne, France, and northern Spain established in the 11th century. The family was present in the 11th to the 15th centuries in Hachmei Provence, France, Barcelona, Aragon, and Castile.

babylonian rabbi and exilarch

1st century king of Adiabene

Leader of Jewish revolt against Byzantine Emperor Heraclius

9th-century Khazar ruler

ruler from the mid to lateninth century CE

Jewish Exilarch

first wife of Herod Antipas

rabbi