Judaism in Spain

thumb|300px|Marranos: A secret Passover Seder in Spain during the times of Inquisition. An 1893 painting by [[Moshe Maimon.]] Marranos were Spanish and Portuguese Jews, as well as Navarrese Jews, who converted to Christianity, either voluntarily or by Spanish or Portuguese royal coercion, during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, but who continued to practice Judaism in secret or were suspected of it. They are also called crypto-Jews, a term increasingly preferred in scholarly works over Marranos.

A converso (; ; feminine form conversa, ) was a Jew who converted to Catholicism in Spain or Portugal, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries, or one of their descendants.

Crypto-Judaism is the secretive adherence to Judaism while publicly professing to be of another faith. Practitioners are referred to as "crypto-Jews" (from the Greek word kryptos – , 'hidden').

thumb | right | alt=Commemorative plaque of the Network of Jewish Quarters of Spain. Seville, Andalusia, Spain. | Commemorative plaque of the Network of Jewish Quarters of Spain. Seville, Andalusia, Spain. Sepharad ( or ; , ; also Sfard, Spharad, Sefarad, or Sephared) is the Hebrew-language name for the Iberian Peninsula, referring to the regions of present-day Spain and Portugal. By the 9th century, the term had come to denote this geographic area in Jewish usage. The designation Sephardic Jews refers to Jews whose ancestors lived in the Iberian Peninsula and were forcibly expelled beginning

1553 Ladino translation of the Hebrew Bible

Bodleian Library MS. Kennicott 1