Judea

15,000 fragments of about 850 scrolls from ancient Judaism

Judea or Judaea (; ; , ; , ; ) is a mountainous region of the Levant. Traditionally dominated by the city of Jerusalem, it is now part of Israel and the West Bank. The name is derived from the Hebrew name Yehudah, and was used during the Babylonian, Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. Under the Hasmoneans, the Herodians, and the Romans, the term was applied to an area larger than the Judea of earlier periods. In the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt (c. 132–136 CE), the Roman province of Judaea was renamed Syria Palaestina.

dynasty of the Judean region (140–37 BCE)

desert in the southern Levant

Province of the Roman Empire (132–390 CE)

client state of the Roman Republic from 37 BCE, when Herod the Great was appointed "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate

Roman/Byzantine province (c.300-636)

Byzantine province (390-636)

Jewish monarchy in Judea and surrounding regions during the Second Temple period (140–37 BCE)

four-way division of Herod the Great's Levantine kingdom upon his death

species of palm

hebrew parchment found in 1970 at Ein Gedi, Israel