Kalmar Union

Kalmar (, , ) is a city in the southeast of Sweden, situated by the Baltic Sea. It had 41,388 inhabitants in 2020 and is the seat of Kalmar Municipality. It is also the capital of Kalmar County, which comprises 12 municipalities with a total of 236,399 inhabitants (2015). Kalmar is the third largest urban area in the province and cultural region of Småland.

former country. personal union of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (1397–1523)

Queen of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden

Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union (1426-1481)

king of Denmark, Norway and Sweden

king of Denmark, Norway and Sweden

King of Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Kalmar Union

King of Sweden and Norway (1409-1470)

king of Denmark, Norway and Sweden 1442-1448

Noblewoman of Sweden and leader of resistance to Christian II of Denmark (1494-1559)

Union of Denmark, Norway and Sweden

A Haandfæstning (Modern & Modern , lit. "Handbinding", plural Haandfæstninger) was a document issued by the kings of Denmark from 13th to the 17th century, preceding and during the realm's personal union with the kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. Following Sweden's secession from the Kalmar Union, similar documents were also issued by its kings. In many ways it is a Scandinavian parallel to the English Magna Carta.