Liquid-solid separation

Crystallization is a process that leads to solids with a uniform pattern of atoms or molecules, i.e. a crystal. The uniform nature of a crystalline solid can be contrasted with amorphous solids in which atoms or molecules lack regular organization. Crystallization can occur by various routes including precipitation from solution, freezing of a liquid, or deposition from a gas. Attributes of the resulting crystal can depend largely on factors such as temperature, air pressure, cooling rate, or solute concentration.

chemical process leading to the settling of an insoluble solid from a solution

Sedimentation is the deposition of sediments. It takes place when particles in suspension settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them: these forces can be due to gravity, centrifugal acceleration, or electromagnetism. Settling is the falling of suspended particles through the liquid, whereas sedimentation is the final result of the settling process.

thumb|Decanting a liquid from a solid

semi-permeable paper barrier

thumb|300px|A leachate evaporation pond in a landfill site located in Cancún, [[Mexico]]

Purification process by moving a molten zone along a metal bar

separation process, specially employed by solid/liquid separation using the principle of pressure drive

thumb|Pumps being used to dewater a spillway at Baldhill Dam Dewatering is the removal of water from a location. This may be done by wet classification, centrifugation, filtration, or similar solid-liquid separation processes, such as removal of residual liquid from a filter cake by a filter press as part of various industrial processes.

thumb|Settling pond for iron particles at water works

partial alignment of polymer molecular chains, resulting in "semi-crystalline" structures

mechanical method for extracting liquids (often oils) by squeezing raw materials under pressure

Flottweg SE is a manufacturer of machines and systems for mechanical liquid-solid separation. The headquarters is located in Vilsbiburg (Bavaria), Germany. The company develops and produces decanter centrifuges, separators and belt presses. Flottweg has subsidiaries and branch offices with service centers in the United States (Flottweg Separation Technology, Inc.), People´s Republic of China, Russia, Italy, Poland, France, Australia and Mexico.