Lunar science

300px|thumb|upright=1|Simplified schematic of only the lunar portion of Earth's tides, showing (exaggerated) high tides at the sublunar point and its antipodal point|antipode for the hypothetical case of an ocean of constant depth without land, and on the assumption that Earth is not rotating; otherwise there is a lag angle. Solar tides not shown.|alt= right|thumb|Earth's rotation drags the position of the tidal bulge ahead of the position directly under the Moon showing the lag angle. thumb|In Maine (U.S.), low tide occurs roughly at moonrise and high tide with a high Moon, corresponding to t

planet that is hypothesized to have impacted Earth and created the Moon

hemisphere of the Moon that always faces away from Earth

moving line that separates the illuminated day side and the dark night side of a planetary body

structure and composition of the Moon

hypothesized event, occurring ca. 4.1–3.8 billion years ago, during which a large number of asteroids collided with the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars

theory that the Moon formed out of the debris left over from a collision between Earth and an astronomical body the size of Mars, approximately 4.5 billion years ago

thumb|right|345px|alt=Topography of the Moon measured from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter on the mission Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, referenced to a sphere of radius 1737.4 km|Topography of the Moon. thumb|Moon 360 animation in 4K resolution|4K

hemisphere of the Moon facing the Earth

main-belt asteroid

A moonbow (also known as a moon rainbow or lunar rainbow) is a rainbow produced by moonlight rather than direct sunlight. Other than the difference in the light source, its formation is the same as for a solar rainbow: It is caused by the refraction of light in many water droplets, such as a rain shower or a waterfall, and is always positioned in the opposite part of the sky from the Moon relative to the observer. thumbnail|Lunar rainbow over Kihei, Hawaii|Kihei, [[Maui, Hawaii, US]] Moonbows are much fainter than solar rainbows, due to the smaller amount of light reflected from the surface of

various uncrewed and crewed flights from the Earth to the Moon

very scant presence of gases surrounding the Moon

region of a planet or moon's crust that contains a large positive gravitational anomaly

coordinate system

how the Earth's moon was formed

brightening of a rough surface, when illuminated from directly behind the observer

type of weathering

radio communication technique

finely grained regolith on the Moon

lunar phenomenon wherein the Sun is obscured by Earth

tail or plume of trace amounts of sodium released by the Moon

milestone work by Johannes Hevelius

Angular distance between the Moon and another celestial body

highest point on the Moon

methods and instruments used to observe the Moon

edge of the visible surface of the Moon as viewed from Earth