Medieval titles

thumb|A vassal swears the oath of fealty before Frederick I, Elector Palatine|Count Palatine Frederick I of the Palatinate.

A castellan, or constable, was the governor of a castle in medieval Europe. Its surrounding territory was referred to as the castellany.

An ', sometimes simply advocate, (German, ), or ' (French, ) was a type of medieval office holder, particularly important in the Holy Roman Empire, who was delegated some of the powers and functions of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as an abbey. They typically had responsibility for the "comital" functions which defined the office of early medieval "counts", such as taxation, recruitment of militias, and maintaining law and order. This type of office could apply to specific agricultural lands, villages, castles, and even cities. In some regions, advocates came to be governors

The ministeriales (singular: ministerialis) were a legally unfree but socially elite class of knights, administrators, and officials in the High Middle Ages in the Holy Roman Empire, drawn from a mix of servile origins, free commoners, and even cadet sons of minor noble families, who served secular and ecclesiastical lords and often rose to hold hereditary land, noble titles, and political power indistinguishable from the free nobility.

thumb|right|250px|upright|A depiction of a leading the people in sacrificing to Thor in this painting by [[J. L. Lund]]

group in a society, a class

title in ancient Rome

Seigneuries created in 1099

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dynasty

official post in a governement

medieval, early modern European title of a citizen of a town, and a social class from which city officials could be drawn