Mfecane

Shaka kaSenzangakhona ( – 24 September 1828), also known as Shaka (the) Zulu () and Sigidi kaSenzangakhona, was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828. One of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, he ordered wide-reaching reforms that reorganized the military into a formidable force.

thumbnail|An early painting of the first migration of the Fengu people|Fengu, one of the affected peoples of the Mfecane

King of Lesotho from 1822 to 1870

conflict between the Zulu Kingdom and the Ndwandwe

1820 battle between the Zulu and Ndwandwe tribes

Sebetwane (between about 1790 and 1800 – July 7, 1851) was chief of the Patsa branch of the Bafokeng clan. He established the large and powerful Makololo nation in what is now southwestern Zambia after an arduous migration of over 1200 kilometres from the clan's ancestral lands in Biddulphsberg, near modern-day Senekal, in the Free State province of South Africa .thumb|Biddulphsberg,as seen from N5 from Senekal to Bethlehem.