Microeconomic theories

in economics, the advantage one has over others in producing a particular good due to a lower relative marginal cost prior to trade

Marginalism is a theory of economics that attempts to explain the discrepancy in the value of goods and services by reference to their secondary, or marginal, utility. It states that the reason why the price of diamonds is higher than that of water, for example, owes to the greater additional satisfaction of the diamonds over the water. Thus, while the water has greater total utility, the diamond has greater marginal utility.

theory of equilibrium between supply and demand

in economics, studies how economic actors can and do construct contractual arrangements, generally in the presence of asymmetric information

branch of economics studying next-best alternatives

search theory

theory

practical methodology for creation of markets of certain properties, which is partially based on mechanism design

model of wage levels