Monogeneric insect families

Hedylidae, the "American moth-butterflies", is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera, formerly representing the superfamily Hedyloidea. They have traditionally been viewed as an extant sister group of the butterfly superfamily Papilionoidea, but a 2014 phylogenetic analysis has suggested Hedylidae is a subgroup of Papilionoidea, and not a sister group, and are more accurately referred to as butterflies rather than moths. They are represented by a single Neotropical genus, Macrosoma, with 35 currently recognized species.

Alexiidae is a family of beetles. It contains a single genus, Sphaerosoma, formerly included within the family Cerylonidae, with around 50 species which are native to the western Palearctic. Species of Sphaerosoma are very small, around 1 to 2 mm in length rounded beetles with clubbed antennae. They are fungivores, having been observed feeding on mushrooms, and have also been found in leaf litter and on decaying bark.

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Apteropanorpidae is a family of wingless scorpionflies containing a single genus, Apteropanorpa, with four named species, which are all endemic to the Australian island of Tasmania. Of the four known species, three occupy alpine habitats while A. warra occupies lower elevations.

Phycosecidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Cleroidea., containing the single genus Phycosecis found in Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand and Vanuatu. The beetles are small, about 1.5–3.5 mm in length. They live in sandy coastal areas, and are saprophagous, feeding on faeces, carrion, and dead arthropods during the daytime.

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Cneoglossidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Byrrhoidea, containing nine described species in a single genus, Cneoglossa, which are native to the Neotropics from Mexico to Brazil. The larvae develop inside rotting submerged branches found in small fast flowing shallow streams.

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Maindroniidae is a small family of silverfish, basal insects belonging to the order Zygentoma. It contains a single genus, Maindronia, and a handful of species.

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Hypsipterygidae is a small family of bugs in the order Hemiptera, known from Africa and Southeast Asia. There are 4 extant species in one genus, Hypsipteryx, and one fossil species. They resemble, but are unrelated to, the family Tingidae.

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Stemmocryptidae is a very small family of bugs in the order Hemiptera, known from the ʻSisimangum village in the Madang Province of Papua New Guinea. Only one species in one genus is known, Stemmocrypta antennata.

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Aenigmatineidae is a family of Lepidoptera, moths discovered on Kangaroo Island in South Australia by Dr Richard Glatz. The family is based on a single species discovered in 2015, Aenigmatinea glatzella, commonly known as the enigma moth. The larvae feed on conifers by mining the stem of Callitris plants in the cypress family. The adult has highly reduced mouthparts but its position in the Glossata containing the more familiar moths-with-tongues is confirmed by morphological and DNA sequence similarity. The group is best treated as a sister of the family Neopseustidae.