Monotypic prehistoric mammal genera

Diprotodon, from Ancient Greek δί- (dí-), meaning "two", πρῶτος (prôtos), meaning "first", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth", is an extinct genus of diprotodontid marsupial from the Pleistocene of Australia containing one species, D. optatum. The earliest finds date to 1.77 million to 780,000 years ago, but most specimens are dated to after 110,000 years ago. Its remains were first unearthed in 1830, in Wellington Caves, New South Wales, and contemporary paleontologists guessed they belonged to rhinos, elephants, hippos or dugongs.

Kollikodon is an extinct species of mammal, considered to be an early monotreme. It is known only from an opalised dentary fragment, with one premolar and two molars in situ, as well as a referred maxillary fragment containing the last premolar and all four molars. The fossils were found in the Griman Creek Formation at Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia. Kollikodon lived in the Late Cretaceous period, during the Cenomanian age (99–96 million years ago). Several other monotremes are known from the Griman Creek Formation, including Dharragarra, Opalios, Parvopalus, Steropodon, and Stir

Hulitherium tomasetti (meaning "Huli beast", after the Huli people) is an extinct zygomaturine marsupial that lived in New Guinea during the Pleistocene. The species name honours Berard Tomasetti, a Catholic priest in Papua New Guinea, who brought the fossils to the attention of experts.

Anachlysictis gracilis is an extinct carnivorous mammal belonging to the group Sparassodonta, which were metatherians (a group including marsupials and their close relatives) that inhabited South America during the Cenozoic. Anachlysictis is the first record of such borhyaenoids in northern South America, and also the most primitive known member of the family Thylacosmilidae, a group of predators equipped with "saber teeth". It was also the only confirmed record of a thylacosmilid that did not belong to the genus Thylacosmilus until the official publication of Patagosmilus in 2010.

Amphilestes is a genus of extinct eutriconodont mammal from the Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom. It was one of the first Mesozoic mammals discovered and described.

Pucadelphys is an extinct genus of non-marsupial metatherian. The genus contains a single species, P. andinus. Fossils of Pucadelphys have been found in the Santa Lucía Formation in Tiupampa in Bolivia.

Akidolestes is an extinct genus of mammals of the family Spalacotheriidae, a group of mammals related to therians (the subclass containing marsupials and placentals).

Kryoryctes is a genus of prehistoric monotreme mammal from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) Eumeralla Formation of Victoria, Australia from the Otway Group of Dinosaur Cove. It is known only from a partial right humerus, estimated at 106 million years old, and contains one species, Kryoryctes cadburyi. The holotype, NMV P208094, was described in 2005 and is currently housed in the Museums Victoria Palaeontological Collection.

Asfaltomylos is an extinct genus of the primitive mammal subclass Australosphenida from the Jurassic of Argentina. The type and only species is Asfaltomylos patagonicus, recovered from and named after the Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Cañadón Asfalto Basin of Chubut Province, Patagonia.

Bharattherium is a mammal that lived in India during the Maastrichtian (latest Cretaceous) and possibly the Paleocene. The genus has a single species, Bharattherium bonapartei. It is part of the gondwanathere family Sudamericidae, which is also found in Madagascar and South America during the latest Cretaceous. The first fossil of Bharattherium was discovered in 1989 and published in 1997, but the animal was not named until 2007, when two teams independently named the animal Bharattherium bonapartei and Dakshina jederi. The latter name is now a synonym. Bharattherium is known from a total of e

Shenshou is an extinct monotypic genus of haramiyidan dating from the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic, approximately 160 million years ago. Fossils were recovered from the Tiaojishan Formation in the Liaoning province of China.

Aegialodon dawsoni is an extinct mammal from the early Cretaceous, known from fossilised teeth discovered in the Wadhurst Clay Formation (dating to about 136 million years ago) near Cliff End, Hastings, East Sussex.

Arminiheringia is an extinct genus of sparassodont. It lived during the Early Eocene in South America.

genus of mammals

Corriebaatar is an extinct genus of multituberculate mammals. It contains the single species Corriebaatar marywaltersae and represents the first evidence of Australian multituberculates. It is known from fossils found in the Wonthaggi Formation date back to the Early Cretaceous (latest Barremian ~ 125 million years ago).

Conoryctes ("cone digger") is an extinct genus of taeniodonts from extinct tribe Conoryctini within extinct subfamily Conoryctinae and extinct family Conoryctidae, that lived in North America from early to middle Paleocene.

Asiatherium is an extinct genus of mammal, probably belonging to Metatheria. It lived during the Late Cretaceous, and its fossilized remains were discovered in Mongolia.

Eomakhaira is an extinct genus of sparassodont known from the Oligocene Abanico Formation of Chile. It contains a single species, Eomakhaira molossus. Initially described as a thylacosmilid, subsequent research has supported a position outside of this clade.

Ausktribosphenos is an extinct genus of mammals from the Early Cretaceous of Australia, sometime between 121 - 113 Ma during the Aptian. The only recorded species, Ausktribosphenos nyktos, was found on Flat Rocks in the Wonthaggi Formation, Victoria.

Rugosodon is an extinct genus of multituberculate (rodent-like) mammals from eastern China that lived 160 million years ago during the Jurassic period. The discovery of its type species and currently only known species Rugosodon eurasiaticus was reported in the 16 August 2013 issue of Science.

Argentoconodon (meaning "Argentina cone tooth") is an extinct genus of theriimorph mammal from the Cañadón Asfalto Formation of the Cañadón Asfalto Basin in Patagonia. When originally described, it was known only from a single molariform tooth, which possessed a combination of primitive and derived features. The tooth is currently held in the Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, where it was given the specimen number MPEF-PV 1877. New material described in 2011 show that Argentoconodon was similar to Ichthyoconodon, Jugulator and Volaticotherium within the family Triconodontidae, and possibly

Acristatherium yanensis is an extinct basal eutherian from the Early Cretaceous (early Aptian, about ) Lujiatun Bed of the Yixian Formation. It was described on the basis of a single specimen (holotype) from Beipiao, Liaoning, China, by Yaoming Hu, Jin Meng, Chuankui Li, and Yuanqing Wang in 2010. The specimen comprises a partial skull, long. It appears to possess a vestige of a septomaxilla, a feature only otherwise seen in nonmammalian therapsids.

Andinodelphys is an extinct genus of non-marsupial stem metatherian.

Nanocuris is an extinct genus of Deltatheridiidae from the Cretaceous of Canada (Saskatchewan) and United States (Wyoming - Lance Formation and Hell Creek Formation). Initially, it was classified in a proper family, Nanocuridae, in the clade Eutheria, but a reanalysis of a new specimen revealed a delthatheroid affinity of the genus.

Acheronodon is a genus of herbivorous arboreal mammal which belongs to the family Microcosmodontidae and which was endemic to North America during the Early Paleocene subepoch (66—56.8 mya) and in existence for approximately .

Bathmochoffatia is an extinct mammal of the Upper Jurassic. It was a relatively early member of the also extinct order Multituberculata. It lived in Portugal at about the same time as the far more famous dinosaur, Allosaurus. It is in the suborder "Plagiaulacida", family Paulchoffatiidae. The genus Bathmochoffatia (basal choffatia) was named by Hahn G. and Hahn R. in 1998.

Arginbaatar is a genus of extinct mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. It was a member of the Multituberculata, an order which is also extinct. It belongs to the family Arginbaataridae (Hahn & Hahn 1983). The genus Arginbaatar was named by Trofimov B.A. in 1980. Baatar is Mongolian for "hero" or "warrior."

Austrotriconodon is a mammal genus from the Campanian and Maastrichtian of South America. It currently contains only the type species, A. mckennai. Originally assumed to be a eutriconodont, more recent studies have recovered it as a meridiolestidan dryolestoid.

Australohyaena is an extinct genus of carnivorous mammal, belonging to the order Sparassodonta. It lived during the Late Oligocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in Argentina.

extinct genus of marsupial

Brasilestes is an extinct genus of mammals from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) of South America. Its type species, B. stardusti, is named after David Bowie.

Mayulestes (Quechua: river, + Greek: lestes, thief) is a genus of carnivorous metatherian that lived in what is now Tiupampa, Bolivia in the early Paleocene. It shared its habitat with fellow sparassodont Pucadelphys, and a microbiotherid marsupial, Khasia.

Pappotherium is an extinct genus of mammals from the Albian (early Cretaceous) of Texas, US, known from a fossilized maxilla fragment bearing two tribosphenic molars, discovered within the Glen Rose Formation near Decatur, Wise County, Texas.

Lotheridium is an extinct genus of deltatheroidan mammals that lived in what is now Asia during the Late Cretaceous, about 72–66 million years ago. The genus contains a single species, Lotheridium mengi, named in 2015 after paleontologist Jin Meng. It is known from a single fossil specimen—a skull with associated lower jaws—found in the Qiupa Formation of Henan Province, China and housed in the collections of the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History. The skull measures in length, suggesting Lotheridium was large compared to most other deltatheroidans. Though the preserved skull is almost complet

Abelodon is an extinct genus of peramurid mammal in the clade Zatheria, which lived during the Early Cretaceous. It is known from a single tooth found in Cameroon's Koum Formation.

Aploconodon is an extinct genus of Late Jurassic mammals belonging to the family Amphidontidae. It contains one species, A. comoensis.

Acinacodus is an extinct genus of amphidontid "eutriconodont" which existed in Shestakovo 1 locality in Western Siberia, Russia during the early Cretaceous period. It was described by A. V. Lopatin, E. N. Maschenko and A. O. Averianov in 2010, and the type species is Acinacodus tagaricus.

Ravjaa ishiii is an extinct species of zhelestid mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. It is the type and only known species of the genus Ravjaa, which was described in 2025 based on a partial mandible recovered from the Bayanshiree Formation in the Gobi Desert.

Alticonodon is a genus of extinct mammal from the Late Cretaceous of North America. It is one of the geologically youngest known eutriconodonts, and is a fairly more specialised animal than earlier representatives of this clade.