Nematocera subfamilies

The Phlebotominae are a subfamily of the family Psychodidae. In several countries, their common name is sandfly, but that name is also applied to other flies. The Phlebotominae include many genera of blood-feeding (hematophagous) flies, including the primary vectors of leishmaniasis, bartonellosis, and pappataci fever.

The Culicinae are the most extensive subfamily of mosquitoes (Culicidae) and have species in every continent except Antarctica, but are highly concentrated in tropical areas. Mosquitoes are best known as parasites to many vertebrate animals and vectors for disease. They are holometabolous insects, and most species lay their eggs in stagnant water, to benefit their aquatic larval stage.

thumb|Asphondylia solidaginis thumb|Rhopalomyia solidaginis thumb|Vitisiella larva thumb|Galls of Dasineura pellex on leaf of ash tree ([[Fraxinus)]]

thumb|Psychoda cf. surcoufi on oak leaves

genus of insects

thumb|right|alt=The Tipulinae insect standing on some leaves, in what seems to be a tree or a bush.|Tipulinae Tipulinae is a subfamily of crane flies. It contains the typical crane flies from the genus Tipula.

Porricondylinae is a subfamily of gall midges and wood midges in the family Cecidomyiidae.

thumb|Gnophomyia tristissima

Lestremiinae is a subfamily of Cecidomyiidae. It is composed of 105 described species classified into 13 genera. The larvae feed on fungi, primarily in rotting wood.

The Limnophilinae are a subfamily of limoniid crane flies. Some authors still use the name Hexatominae for this subfamily.

Telmatogetoninae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).

Diamesinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).