Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses

Pandoravirus is a proposed genus of giant virus, first discovered in 2013. It is the fourth largest in physical size of any known viral genus, behind Pithovirus, Klothovirus casanovai, and Megaklothovirus. Pandoraviruses have double stranded DNA genomes, with the largest genome size (2.5 million base pairs) of any known viral genus.

Alphapithovirus is a genus of giant virus known from two species, Alphapithovirus siberiense, which infects amoebae, and Alphapithovirus massiliense. It is DNA-based and is a member of the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses clade. It was discovered in 2014, when a viable specimen was found in a 30,000-year-old ice core harvested from permafrost in Siberia, Russia. It is the third-largest known giant virus, behind only Megaklothovirus horridgei and Klothovirus casanovai.

giant nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses that have extremely large genomes compared to other viruses and contain many unique genes not found in other life forms

Nucleocytoviricota is a phylum of viruses. Members of the phylum are also known as the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV), which serves as the basis of the name of the phylum with the suffix - for virus phylum. These viruses are referred to as nucleocytoplasmic because they are often able to replicate in both the host's cell nucleus and cytoplasm.

Asfarviridae is a family of viruses, the best-studied of which is African swine fever virus, which are double-stranded DNA viruses. A 2025 genomic-analysis study comparing many of the so-called “extended Asfarviridae” viruses (e.g. Faustovirus, Kaumoebavirus, Pacmanvirus, Abalone asfa‑like virus (AbALV) along with African swine fever virus) found that these lineages are so genetically divergent that they likely represent multiple distinct viral families rather than a single “extended Asfarviridae” group. This suggests that the diversity of giant dsDNA viruses related to ASFV is far greater tha

Coccolithovirus is a genus of giant double-stranded DNA virus, in the family Phycodnaviridae. Algae, specifically Emiliania huxleyi, a species of coccolithophore, serve as natural hosts. There is only one described species in this genus: Emiliania huxleyi virus 86 (Coccolithovirus huxleyi).

species of virus

Phycodnaviridae is a family of large (100–560 kb) double-stranded DNA viruses that infect marine or freshwater eukaryotic algae. Viruses within this family have a similar morphology, with an icosahedral capsid (polyhedron with 20 faces). As of 2014, there were 33 species in this family, divided among 6 genera. This family belongs to a super-group of large viruses known as nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. Evidence was published in 2014 suggesting that specific strains of Phycodnaviridae might infect humans rather than just algal species, as was previously believed. Most genera under th

Ascoviridae is a family of double strand DNA viruses that infect primarily invertebrates, mainly noctuids and spodoptera species. The family contains two genera: Ascovirus and Toursvirus.

species of virus

Pandoraviridae is a proposed family of double-stranded DNA viruses that infect amoebae. There is only one genus in this family: Pandoravirus. Several species in this genus have been described, including Pandoravirus dulcis, Pandoravirus salinus and Pandoravirus yedoma.

Marseillevirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Marseilleviridae. There are two species in this genus. It is the prototype of a family of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV) of eukaryotes (commonly known as Giant Viruses). It was isolated from amoeba.

Chlorovirus, also known as Chlorella virus, is a genus of giant double-stranded DNA viruses, in the family Phycodnaviridae. This genus is found globally in freshwater environments where freshwater microscopic algae serve as natural hosts. There are 20 species in 3 subgenera in this genus.

thumb|Negative staining of "Faustovirus ST1" purified suspension showing an icosahedral particle of 200 nm. Scale bar 100 nm. Faustovirus is a genus of giant virus which infects amoebae associated with humans. The virus was first isolated in 2015 and shown to be around 0.2 micrometers in diameter with a double stranded DNA genome of 466 kilobases predicted to encode 451 proteins. Although classified as a nucleocytoplasmic large DNA virus (NCLDV), faustoviruses share less than a quarter of their genes with other NCLDVs; however, ~46% are homologous to bacterial genes and the remainder

species of virus

thumb|right|upright=1.25|The typical form of the virions of the Marseilleviridae is, in principle, similar to that of the Mimiviridae. Marseilleviridae is a family of viruses first named in 2012. The genomes of these viruses are double-stranded DNA. Amoeba are often hosts, but there is evidence that they are found in humans as well. The family contains one genus and four species, two of which are unassigned to a genus. It is a member of the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses clade.

Dinodnavirus is a genus of viruses that infect dinoflagellates. This genus belongs to the clade of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. The only species in the genus is Heterocapsa circularisquama DNA virus 01 (Dinodnavirus heterocapsae).