Obstetrical procedures

methods used to achieve pregnancy by artificial or partially artificial means

testing and prenatal care that focus on detecting problems with the pregnancy as early as possible

medical route of administration

Episiotomy, also known as perineotomy, is a surgical incision of the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall generally done by an obstetrician. This is usually performed during the second stage of labor to quickly enlarge the aperture, allowing the baby to pass through. The incision, which can be done from the posterior midline of the vulva straight toward the anus or at an angle to the right or left (medio-lateral episiotomy), is performed under local anesthetic (pudendal anesthesia), and is sutured after delivery.

tool used for the delivery of a baby

routine ultrasound done between 11 and 14 weeks pregnancy, to measure the soft tissue behind the fetal neck

obstetric pain

artificial stimulation of obstetric labor

method to assist the delivery of a baby using a vacuum device

Tocolytics (also called anti-contraction medications or labor suppressants) are medications used to suppress premature labor (from Greek τόκος tókos, "childbirth", and λύσις lúsis, "loosening"). Preterm birth accounts for 70% of neonatal deaths. Therefore, tocolytic therapy is provided when delivery would result in premature birth, postponing delivery long enough for the administration of glucocorticoids (which accelerate fetal lung maturity) to be effective, as they may require one to two days to take effect.

medical procedure of breaking the amniotic sac to induce or accelerate labor

medical procedure performed on newborns

Pelvimetry is the measurement of the female pelvis. It can theoretically identify cephalo-pelvic disproportion, which is when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal. However, clinical evidence indicate that all pregnant women should be allowed a trial of labor regardless of pelvimetry results.

technique used to void urine from the bladder

process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first

fetal DNA in the maternal bloodstream

ultrasound performed between 18-22 weeks of gestational age

compression suture used in obstetrics

fraud in fertility medicine

obstetrical maneuver used to assist in childbirth