Omics

300px|thumb|right|Robotic preparation of MALDI [[mass spectrometry samples on a sample carrier]]

thumb|The central principle of biology showing the flow of information from [[DNA to the phenotype. Associated with each stage is the corresponding systems biology tool, from genomics to metabolomics.]]

The transcriptome is the set of all RNA molecules (transcripts) in a cell or a population of cells. It includes all of the functional RNA molecules and all other transcripts that may arise by spurious transcription or transcription of non-functional regions such as pseudogenes or virus fragments. A major goal of modern molecular biology is to determine which transcripts are functional and which ones are junk RNA.

thumb|upright=1.8|Diagram illustrating genomics

Connectomics is the production and study of connectomes, which are comprehensive maps of connections within an organism's nervous system. Study of neuronal wiring diagrams looks at how they contribute to the health and behavior of an organism. There are two very different types of connectomes; microscale and macroscale. Microscale connectomics maps every neuron and synapse in an organism or chunk of tissue, typically using electron microscopy and histology. This level of detail is only possible for small animals (flies and worms) or tiny portions (less than 1 mm on a side) of large animal

Toxicogenomics is a subdiscipline of pharmacology that deals with the collection, interpretation, and storage of information about gene and protein activity within a particular cell or tissue of an organism in response to exposure to toxic substances. Toxicogenomics combines toxicology with genomics or other high-throughput molecular profiling technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Toxicogenomics endeavors to elucidate the molecular mechanisms evolved in the expression of toxicity, and to derive molecular expression patterns (i.e., molecular biomarkers) that predict

Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. The field is analogous to genomics and proteomics, which are the study of the genome and proteome of a cell. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenomic maintenance is a continuous process and plays an important role in stability of eukaryotic genomes by taking part in crucial biological mechanisms like DNA repair. Plant flavones are said to be inhibitin

thumb|400px|Examples of various lipid species.

thumb|Example representation of the environmental factors characterizing the exposome The exposome is a concept used to describe environmental exposures that an individual encounters throughout life, and how these exposures impact biology and health. It encompasses both external and internal factors, including chemical, physical, biological, and social factors that may influence human health. In 2023, the Banbury Exposomic Consortium established a consensus definition of the exposome as, "Briefly, the exposome is posited as an integrated compilation of all physical, chemical, biological, and (

Glycomics is the comprehensive study of glycomes (the entire complement of sugars, whether free or present in more complex molecules of an organism), including genetic, physiologic, pathologic, and other aspects. Glycomics "is the systematic study of all glycan structures of a given cell type or organism" and is a subset of glycobiology. The term glycomics is derived from the chemical prefix for sweetness or a sugar, "glyco-", and was formed to follow the omics naming convention established by genomics (which deals with genes) and proteomics (which deals with proteins).

study of RNA transcripts

Phenomics studies phenotypes using phenotyping methods to characterize an organism with a set of traits which changes over time, due to development and aging or through metamorphosis such as when a caterpillar changes into a butterfly. Phenomics is a transdisciplinary area of research that involves biology, data sciences, engineering and other fields. Phenomics is concerned with the measurement of the phenotype where a phenome is a set of traits (physical and biochemical traits) that can be produced by a given organism over the course of development and in response to genetic mutation and envi

REDIRECT Phenotype#Definition

thumb|Multiomics aims to bring together various omics disciplines in [[biotechnology through cross-disciplinary computing and analysis.]]