Osroene

Osroene or Osrhoene (; ) was an ancient kingdom and region in Upper Mesopotamia. The Kingdom of Osroene, also known as the "Kingdom of Edessa" ( / "Kingdom of Urhay"), according to the name of its capital city (now Şanlıurfa, Turkey), existed from the 2nd century BC up to the 3rd century AD, and was ruled by the Nabataean Arab Abgarid dynasty. They were generally allied with the Parthians.

Christian catechetical school

Roman province (214-637)

Greek document written between 544 and 944 CE; purports to describe correspondence between King Abgar V of Edessa and Jesus, which results in Judas Thaddeus going to Edessa