Pagan martyrs

Socrates (; ; – 399 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher from Classical Athens, perhaps the first Western moral philosopher, and a major inspiration on his student Plato, who largely founded the tradition of Western philosophy. An enigmatic figure, Socrates authored no texts and is known mainly through the posthumous accounts of classical writers, particularly his students Plato and Xenophon. These accounts are written as dialogues, in which Socrates and his interlocutors examine a subject in the style of question and answer; they gave rise to the Socratic dialogue literary genre. Contrad

Hypatia (born 350–370 – March 415 AD) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, at that time in the province of Egypt and a major city of the Roman Empire. In Alexandria, Hypatia was a prominent thinker who taught subjects including philosophy and astronomy, and in her lifetime was renowned as a great teacher and a wise counselor. Not the only fourth century Alexandrian female mathematician, Hypatia was preceded by Pandrosion. However, Hypatia is the first female mathematician whose life is reasonably well recorded. She wrote a commentary on Di

Atawallpa (), also Atahualpa or Ataw Wallpa (, ) ( 150229 August 1533), whose regnal name was Caccha Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui Inca (from the caccha idol and to honour the emperor Pachacuti), was the last effective Inca emperor, reigning from April 1532 until his capture and execution in July of the following year, as part of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.

200px|thumb|right|The Uppland Rune Inscription 861|Norsta Runestone (U 861) on the drive of [[Wik Castle outside Uppsala was probably made by Sweyn and his family, as it mentions two people called Sweyn and Mær (mentioned in the accusative form Møy). It is the only existing mention of a woman named Mær ("maiden") besides the mention of Sweyn's sister Mær in Hervarar saga, and it is contemporary with Sweyn.]] Blot-Sweyn () was a Swedish king c. 1080, of disputed historicity, who was said to have replaced his Christian brother-in-law Inge as King of Sweden, when Inge had refused to administer th

Niklot or Nyklot (died August 1160) was a chief or prince of the Slavic Obotrites and an ancestor of the House of Mecklenburg. He became chief of the Obotrite confederacy, including the Kissini and the Circipani, between the years 1130 and 1131. He remained in this position until his death in 1160. At the same time he was Lord of (Herr zu) Schwerin, Quetzin and Malchow. For nearly 30 years he resisted Saxon princes, especially Henry the Lion during the Wendish Crusade.

thumb|right|Monument of Taíno chief Hatuey in Yara, Cuba|Yara city, depicting the moment he was burnt by Spanish soldiers, bound to a [[tamarind tree planted in 1907.]] thumb|right|alt=Stone slab with an embossed inscription in Spanish, for which refer to the caption.|Plate at the base of the monument. It reads "To the memory of Chief Hatuey, the unforgettable Indian, precursor of Cuban liberty who offered his life and glorified his rebellion in martyrdom by flames on February 2, 1512. Monuments Delegation of Yara, Cuba|Yara, 1999".

Lembitu (Estonian also: Lembit, died 21 September 1217) was an ancient Estonian senior (elder) from Sakala County and military leader in the struggle against conquest of the Estonian lands by the German Livonian Brothers of the Sword at the beginning of the 13th century. He is the only Estonian pre-Crusade ruler, about whom some biographical information is known (he is mentioned only in the Livonian Chronicle of Henry).

most famous leader of the Great Prussian Uprising against the Teutonic Knights and Northern Crusaders

thumb|right|300px|Chalkuchímac, Inca general and companion of [[Atahualpa]]

thumb|300px|Map of Prussian clans in the 13th century

shaman condemned for witchcraft in Finland

Glappo (or Glappe) (baptized as Charles or Carolus) was the leader of Warmians, one of the Prussian clans, during the Great Prussian Uprising (1260–1274) against the Teutonic Knights.

Sami shaman executed for witch craft

Norwegian explorer