Panchatantra

collection of Middle Eastern folk stories

Panini (, ) was a Sanskrit grammarian, logician, philologist, and revered scholar of Ancient India during the mid-1st millennium BCE, dated variously by most scholars between the 6th–5th and 4th centuries BCE.

Turkic poet and politician (1441–1501)

Rudaki (also spelled Rodaki; ; – 940/41) was a poet, singer, and musician who is regarded as the first major poet to write in New Persian. A court poet under the Samanids, he reportedly composed more than 180,000 verses, yet only a small portion of his work has survived, most notably parts of his versification of the Kalila wa-Dimna, a collection of Indian fables.

thumb|The first page of oldest surviving Panchatantra text in Sanskrit thumb|An 18th-century Pancatantra manuscript page in Braj ("The Talkative Turtle")

French orientalist, numismatist and translator (1646–1715)

8th-century Persian author and translator

collection of fables

Aesop's fable

French linguist and orientalist (1758–1838)

thumb|upright=0.85|Nepalese manuscript of the Hitopadesha, c.1800

The Kathāsaritsāgara ("Ocean of the Streams of Stories") (Devanagari: कथासरित्सागर) is a famous 11th-century collection of Indian legends and folk tales as retold in Sanskrit by the Shaivite Somadeva from Kashmir.

one of Aesop's Fables

Medieval secret society of Muslim philosophers and authors

thumb|Contemporary artist's impression of a vetala hanging from a tree, with Vikramaditya in the background Vikramaditya (IAST: '') was a medieval king as mentioned in ancient Indian literature, featuring in traditional stories including those in Vetala Panchavimshati and Singhasan Battisi. Many describe him as ruler with his capital at Ujjain (Pataliputra or Pratishthana in a few stories). "Vikramaditya" was also a common title adopted by several monarchs in ancient and medieval India, and the Vikramaditya legends may be embellished accounts of different kings (particularly Chandragupta II).

Persian poet

Indian writer 3 c. BCE

group of translators of philosophical and scientific works from Classical Arabic

Aesop’s fable

Australian folklorist, historian and writer (1854–1916)

Aesop's fable

collection of Indian tales

collection of fables assembled by Jean de La Fontaine

Borzuya (or Burzōē or Burzōy or Borzouyeh, ) was a Persian physician in the late Sasanian era, at the time of Khosrow I. He translated the Indian Panchatantra from Sanskrit into Pahlavi (Middle Persian). Both his translation and the original Sanskrit version he worked from are lost. Before their loss, however, his Pahlavi version was translated into Arabic by Ibn al-Muqaffa under the title of Kalīla wa-Dimna or The Fables of Bidpai.

Kādambarī is a romantic novel in Sanskrit. It was substantially composed by Bāṇabhaṭṭa in the first half of the 7th century CE, who did not survive to see it through completion. The novel was completed by Banabhatta's son Bhushanabhatta, according to the plan laid out by his late father. It is conventionally divided into Purvabhaga (earlier part) written by Banabhatta, and Uttarabhaga (latter part) by Bhushanabhatta. (An alternate tradition gives the son's name as Pulindabhatta.)

fable

alt=|thumb|King Vikramaditya and a vetala in the Vetala Panchavimshati. A vetala () is a class of beings in Hindu mythology. They are usually defined as a knowledgeable (fortune telling) paranormal entity said to be dwelling at charnel grounds. Reanimated corpses are used as vehicles by these spirits for movement. A vetala may possess and leave a dead body at will.

German philologist (1809-1881)

Somadeva, also known as Somadeva Bhatta, was an 11th century writer from Kashmir. He is best known for his work Kathasaritsagara.

thumb|Prabhāvatī and the Parrot Śukasaptati, or Seventy tales of the parrot, is a collection of stories originally written in Sanskrit. The stories are supposed to be narrated to a woman by her pet parrot, at the rate of one story every night, in order to dissuade her from going out to meet her paramour when her husband is away. The stories frequently deal with illicit liaisons, the problems that flow from them and the way to escape those crises by using one's wits. Though the actual purpose of the parrot is to prevent its mistress from leaving, it does so without moralising. At the end of the

Kshemendra (; ) was an 11th-century Sanskrit polymath poet, satirist, philosopher, historian, dramatist, translator and art critic from Kashmir.

various fables, including Aesop's

Indian poet (1878-1958)

thumb|Later edition cover of "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" by Rudyard Kipling "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" is a short story in the 1894 short story collection The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling about adventures of a valiant young Indian grey mongoose. It has often been anthologized and published several times as a short book. Book 5 of Panchatantra, an ancient Indian collection, includes the mongoose and snake story, an inspiration for the "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" story.

British orientalist and typographer

Paishachi or Paisaci () is a largely unattested literary language of the middle kingdoms of India mentioned in Prakrit and Sanskrit grammars of antiquity. It is generally grouped with the Prakrits, with which it shares some linguistic similarities, but is still not considered a spoken Prakrit by the grammarians because it was purely a literary language, and because of its archaicism.

Aesop's fable

English translator and lawyer (1535–c.1604)

Aesop's fable

fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm

story known throughout the Indian sub-continent

Dutch Indologist (1824-1894)

2017 Tamil film directed by Pushkar-Gayathri

folk story

Nagananda (Devanagari: नागानन्द) () is a Sanskrit play attributed to emperor Harsha (ruled 606 C.E. - 648 C.E.).

Dashakumaracharita (The narrative of ten young men, IAST: Daśa-kumāra-Carita, Devanagari: दशकुमारचरित) is a prose romance in Sanskrit, attributed to Dandin (दण्डी), written in the seventh to eighth centuries CE.

short story or poem in which animals talk; a traditional form of allegorical writing

REDIRECT Brihatkatha#Gunadhya

German orientalist (1806–1877)

2022 Indian film

folk tale

Ghaznavid Vizier

Bṛhatkathā (बृहत्कथा) (Sanskrit, "the Great Narrative") is an ancient Indian epic, said to have been written by Guṇāḍhya (गुणाढ्य) in a poorly-understood language known as Paiśācī. The work no longer exists but several later adaptations — the Kathāsaritsāgara (कथासरित्सागर), Bṛhatkathāmañjarī (बृहत्कथामंजरी) and Bṛhatkathāślokasaṃgraha (बृहत्कथाश्लोकसंग्रह) in Sanskrit, as well as the Peruṅkatai and Vasudevahiṃḍi in vernaculars — make commentary on the piece.

Indian collection of folk tales

fable attributed to Aesop

Aesop's fable

German orientalist (1838–1906)

Aesop's fable

Byzantine physician

Grimm fairy tale