Parasitism

thumb|upright=1.35|A fish parasite, the isopod [[Cymothoa exigua, replacing the tongue of a Lithognathus]]

reproduction strategy used by an organism that relies on others to raise its young

thumb|upright=1.2|A parasitoid wasp (Trioxys complanatus, [[Aphidiinae) ovipositing into the body of a spotted alfalfa aphid (Therioaphis maculata, Calaphidinae), a behaviour that is used in biological pest control]]

thumb|Female with a parasitic male, preparation at the Zoological Museum of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences|Saint Petersburg Zoology Museum

Gynogenesis, a form of parthenogenesis, is a system of asexual reproduction that requires the presence of sperm without the actual contribution of its DNA for completion. The paternal DNA dissolves or is destroyed before it can fuse with the egg. The egg cell of the organism is able to develop, unfertilized, into an adult using only maternal genetic material. Gynogenesis is often termed "sperm parasitism" in reference to the somewhat pointless role of male gametes. Gynogenetic species, "gynogens" for short, are unisexual, meaning they must mate with males from a closely related bisexual specie

parasitic organism that cannot complete its life-cycle without exploiting a suitable host

evolutionary grade of hymenopteran superfamilies

species of ants that steal young ants of another species to contribute to their colony

parasitic disease caused by organisms that live primarily on the surface of the host

thumb|A female Anopheles|Anopheles minimus mosquito obtaining a blood meal from a human host to support its anautogenous reproduction In entomology, anautogeny is a reproductive strategy in which an adult female insect must eat a particular sort of meal (generally vertebrate blood) before laying eggs in order for her eggs to mature. This behavior is most common among dipteran flies, such as mosquitoes. Anautogenous animals often serve as vectors for infectious disease in their hosts because of their contact with hosts' blood. The opposite trait (needing no special food as an adult to successfu

foraging behavior

parasitic fungus that only lives on lichen

In biology, kleptothermy is any form of thermoregulation by which an animal shares in the metabolic thermogenesis of another animal. It may or may not be reciprocal, and occurs in both endotherms and ectotherms. One of its forms is huddling. However, kleptothermy can happen between different species that share the same habitat, and can also happen in pre-hatching life where embryos are able to detect thermal changes in the environment.

the strategy by a parasite of blocking reproduction by its host (completely or in part) to its own benefit