Particle detectors

instrument used for measuring ionizing radiation

scientific device

vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid

thumb|alt=Image of spiderweb bolometer for measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation.|Spiderweb bolometer for measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech.

device used in electrical engineering

device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionising particles

target medium in photography

thumb|right|Scintillation crystal surrounded by various scintillation detector assemblies thumb|Extruded plastic scintillator material fluorescing under a UV inspection lamp at [[Fermilab for the MINERνA project]] thumb|Various scintillation crystals. The second crystal from the left is targeted by an UV source and shines brightly in visible light. A scintillator ( ) is a material that exhibits scintillation (also termed radioluminescence), a kind of luminescence, when excited by ionizing radiation. Luminescent materials, when struck by an incoming particle, absorb its energy and scintillate (

gas-filled radiation detector

measurement device

gaseous ionization detector

device using a semiconductor (silicon or germanium) to measure radiations

device used in particle physics for detecting electrically charged particles

proportional counter that detects charged particles and photons

thumb|200px|right|A low quality toy spinthariscope taken from a 1950s Chemcraft brand "Atomic energy" chemistry experimentation set thumb|A spinthariscope crafted by Robert Drosten in Belgium in 1905 and used in the University of Mons Faculty of Engineering ("Polytech Mons") at the beginning of the 20th century. A spinthariscope () is a device for observing individual nuclear disintegrations caused by the interaction of ionizing radiation with a phosphor (see radioluminescence) or scintillator.

physics apparatus which is designed to study neutrinos

highly sensitive semiconductor electronic device

thumb|right|300 px|Two horizontal rows of arc-shaped dynodes in a photomultiplier tube. A dynode is an electrode in a vacuum tube that serves as an incident charge multiplier through secondary emission. The first tube to incorporate a dynode was the dynatron, an ancestor of the magnetron, which used a single dynode. Photomultiplier and video camera tubes generally include a series of dynodes, each at a more positive electrical potential than its predecessor. Secondary emission occurs at the surface of each dynode. Such an arrangement is able to amplify the tiny current emitted by the photocath

radiation detector

particle detector for Cherenkov radiation

experimental apparatus that measures the energy of particles

In high energy physics experiments, an absorber is a block of material used to absorb some of the energy of an incident particle in an experiment. Absorbers can be made of a variety of materials, depending on the purpose; lead, tungsten and liquid hydrogen are common choices. Most absorbers are used as part of a particle detector; particle accelerators use absorbers to reduce the radiation damage on accelerator components.

sensing element of a Geiger counter instrument

solid-state photodetector

thumb| Simplified representation of a bolometric pixel A microbolometer is a specific type of bolometer used as a detector in a thermal camera. Infrared radiation with wavelengths between 7.5–14 μm strikes the detector material, heating it, and thus changing its electrical resistance. This resistance change is measured and processed into temperatures which can be used to create an image. Unlike other types of infrared detecting equipment, microbolometers do not require cooling.

type of particle detector

A photomultiplier is a device that converts incident photons into an electrical signal.

tomography technique based on high-energy muon particles

network of neutrino detectors for alerting astronomers to nearby supernovae

type of particle detector

thumb | right A hodoscope (from the Greek "hodos" for way or path, and "skopos" an observer) is an instrument used in particle detectors to detect passing charged particles and determine their trajectories. Hodoscopes are characterized by being made up of many segments; the combination of which segments record a detection is then used to infer where the particle passed through hodoscope. Hodoscopes are among the oldest particle track detecting technology, having been employed as long ago as 1933 as a cosmic ray telescope.

type of mass spectrometry detector

thumb|250px|A piece of CR-39 manufactured for radiation detection

REDIRECT Muon tomography

type of cryogenic energy sensor or cryogenic particle detector

Ionization detector

particle detector

extremely sensitive solid-state photodetector

high-energy particle measurement tool

theory of nucleation

phenomena in semiconductor detectors