Penal military units

German Waffen-SS infantry division

penal military unit of Wehrmacht

military formations consisting of convicts mobilized for military service

Storm-Z () is a series of penal military units established by Russia by April 6, 2023, at the latest. On June 24, 2023 Russian president Vladimir Putin signed a law disbanding Storm-Z and replacing it with new Storm-V units. However, on 12 February 2024, Dmytro Riumshyn, the commander of Ukraine's 47th Mechanized Brigade, claimed that Russian forces were deploying regular troops, sabotage groups, as well as both "Storm-Z" and "Storm-V" penal units in Avdiivka.

prisoners in the Russian military

Shtrafbats (, ) were Soviet penal battalions that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II.

penal military units of French Army (1832–1972)