People executed by decapitation

1st-century Jewish itinerant preacher (Bible)

Pope and Bishop of Rome from 254 to 257

2nd century CE Christian apologist and martyr

Byzantine Emperor (539-602)

Roman Catholic saint, martyr and patron saint of music

Phocas (; ; 5475 October 610) was Eastern Roman emperor from 602 to 610. Initially a middle-ranking officer in the Roman army, Phocas rose to prominence as a spokesman for dissatisfied soldiers in their disputes with the court of the Emperor Maurice. When the army rebelled in 602, Phocas emerged as the leader of the mutiny. The revolt led to the overthrow and execution of Maurice in November 602.

Byzantine emperor from 698 to 705

Procopius Anthemius (; died 11 July 472) was the Western Roman emperor from 467 to 472. Born in the Eastern Roman Empire, Anthemius quickly worked his way up the ranks. He married into the Theodosian dynasty through Marcia Euphemia, daughter of Eastern emperor Marcian. He soon received a significant number of promotions to various posts, and was presumed to be Marcian's planned successor. However, Marcian's sudden death in 457, together with that of Western emperor Avitus, left the imperial succession in the hands of Aspar. He instead appointed Leo, a low-ranking officer, to the Eastern throne

Stilicho (; – 22 August 408) was a military commander in the Roman army who, for a time, became the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire. He was partly of Vandal origins and married to Serena, the niece of emperor Theodosius I. He became guardian for the underage Honorius. After years of struggle against barbarian and Roman enemies, political and military disasters finally allowed his enemies in the court of Honorius to remove him from power. His fall culminated in his arrest and execution in 408.

Leontius (; died 15 February 706) was Byzantine emperor under the regnal name Leo from 695 to 698. Little is known of his early life, other than that he was born in Isauria in Asia Minor. He was given the title of patrikios, and made strategos of the Anatolic Theme under Emperor Constantine IV. He led forces against the Umayyads during the early years of Justinian II's reign, securing victory and forcing the Umayyad caliph, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, to sue for peace.

Western Roman Emperor from 407 to 411

Bessus or Bessos (; ), also known by his throne name Artaxerxes V ( ; ; died summer 329 BC), was a Persian satrap of the eastern Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, as well as the self-proclaimed King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 330 to 329 BC.

Joannes or Johannes (; died 425) was Western Roman emperor from 423 to 425.

The ninth Safavid king (1694–1722)

king of Judea

king of Armenia

king of the Burgundians

Serbian prince of Duklja, Serbian Orthodox Christian saint (990-1016)

Knight Templar

Hemu (; also known as Hemu Vikramaditya and Hemchandra Vikramaditya; died 5 November 1556) was an Indian emperor who previously served as a general and Wazir of Adil Shah Suri of Sur Empire during a period in Indian history when Mughals and Afghans were vying for power across North India. He fought Afghan rebels across North India from Punjab to Bengal and Mughal forces of Humayun and Akbar in Agra and Delhi, winning 22 battles for Adil Shah Suri.

Doge of Venice

Christian holy day and dedication

Priscillian (in Latin: Priscillianus; Gallaecia, – Augusta Treverorum, Gallia Belgica, ) was a wealthy nobleman of Roman Hispania who promoted a strict form of Christian asceticism. He became bishop of Ávila in 380. Certain practices of his followers (such as meeting at country villas instead of attending church) were denounced at the Council of Zaragoza in 380. Tensions between Priscillian and bishops opposed to his views continued, as well as political maneuvering by both sides. Around 385, Priscillian was charged with sorcery and executed by authority of the Emperor Maximus. The ascetic mov

Austrian duke

1st-century BC Jewish noble and rebel against Rome

King of Georgia (1259-1289)

Byzantine general and usurper

suffect consul in 45 BC

Theudas (; ; died ) was a Jewish rebel of the 1st century AD. Scholars attribute to his name a Greek etymology and according to Thayer, is a contraction of Theodore, and Hitchcock, for his part, says it means "flowing with water" , although with a Hellenist-styled ending. At some point between 44 and 46 CE, Theudas led his followers in a short-lived revolt.

15th-century English noble

Byzantine empress

Founding leader of the Druze

3rd-century martyr and saint

Flavius Illus (; died 488) was a Roman general who played an important role in the reigns of the Eastern Emperors Zeno and Basiliscus.

Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr

virgin martyr and saint of the Catholic Church

Bey of Tunis (1705-1735)

Portuguese soldier in Ethiopia

daughter of Bernabò Visconti and his wife Beatrice Regina della Scala. She was consort of Mantua by her marriage to Francesco I Gonzaga

Patriarch of Constantinople

Barbatio (died AD 359) was a Roman general of the infantry (Magister Peditum = Master of Foot) under the command of Constantius II. Previously he was a commander of the household troops (protectores domestici) under Gallus Caesar, but he arrested Gallus under the instruction of Constantius, thereby ensuring his promotion on the death of Claudius Silvanus. In 359, both he and his wife Assyria were arrested and beheaded for treason against Constantius, possibly as part of a plot by Arbitio, a senior cavalry commander (Magister Equitum = Master of Horse), and another exponent of the forms of sche

Mul (Chief) Kazi of Nepal

1st century AD Roman military commander

Theophobos () or Theophobus, originally Nasir (), Nasr (), or Nusayr (), was a commander of the Khurramites who converted to Christianity and entered Byzantine service under Emperor Theophilos (). Raised to high rank and married into the imperial family, Theophobos was given command of his fellow Khurramites and served under Theophilos in his wars against the Abbasid Caliphate in 837–838. After the Byzantines' defeat at the Battle of Anzen, he was proclaimed emperor by his own men, but did not pursue this claim. Instead he peacefully submitted to Theophilos in the next year and was apparently

Jewish martyr (1817–1834)

6th-century messianic Samaritan leader

Italian humanist and historian

madagascan member of the Third order of Saint Francis

Egyptian saint

Georgian prince and saint

executed Genevan atheist

brother-in-law of Mohammed's wife Zaynab bint Khuzayma

Arab physician

Byzantine official

Christian martyrs

Phommathat was the fourth king of Lan Xang (Laos) (ruled 1428–1429). He was Lan Kham Deng's oldest son. He was king for only 10 months. He was assassinated by Nang Keo Phimpha. He was succeeded by Yukhon.

Liechtenstein criminal (1743-1785)

saint

Roman politician and soldier (died 82 BC)

Stoigniew (died 16 October 955) was an Obotrite leader, who reigned during the middle of the 10th century. He is mentioned as a member of the princely Nakonid dynasty in the medieval chronicles of Thietmar of Merseburg and Widukind of Corvey.