Permaculture

thumb|upright=1.3|Community-level composting in a rural area in Germany

thumb|upright=1.5|A garden cultivated on permaculture principles

thumb|right|Bark chips applied as mulch A mulch is a layer of material applied to the surface of soil. Reasons for applying mulch include conservation of soil moisture, improving fertility and health of the soil, reducing weed growth, and enhancing the visual appeal of the area.

conservation and rehabilitation approach to food and farming systems

thumb|upright=1.35|Asimina triloba|Pawpaw trees growing under mulberry trees, a [[forest gardening style of polyculture]]

toilet using natural processes to decompose matter

agricultural technique

thumb|upright=1.2|Coconut and Mexican marigold, a multilayer cropping in India

main agricultural crops of various Native American groups in North America

form of gardening in which the soil is formed in beds

South American type of raised field agriculture

thumb|upright=1.35|Steps of usage of the arborloo. thumb|Arborloo in Ekwendeni, [[Malawi]] An arborloo is a simple type of composting toilet in which feces are collected in a shallow pit and a fruit tree is later planted in the fertile soil of the full pit. Arborloos have: a pit like a pit latrine but less deep; a concrete, ferrocement or other strong floor; a superstructure (toilet house or outhouse) to provide privacy; and possibly a ring beam to protect the pit from collapsing. The pit should remain well above the water table in the soil, so as to not contaminate groundwater.

type of heating system

agricultural and gardening practice

three dimensional garden bed for the cultivation of culinary herbs

organic production of food and other crops with minimal animal inputs

food industry waste material

Sri Lanka’s reservoir and canal system

Body of surface water in a channel with surrounding undeveloped land dominated by grasses

thumb|upright=1.2|Amanita species are [[ectomycorrhizal with many trees.]]