Personal area networks

serial bus interface standard

computer network centered on an individual person's workspace

Zigbee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level communication protocols used to create personal area networks with small, low-power digital radios, such as for home automation, medical device data collection, and other low-power, low-bandwidth needs, designed for small-scale projects which need wireless connection. Hence, Zigbee is a standard for low-power, low-data-rate, close-proximity (i.e., personal area) wireless ad hoc networks.

Z-Wave is a wireless communications protocol used primarily for residential and commercial building automation. It is a mesh network using low-energy radio waves to communicate from device to device, allowing for wireless control of smart home devices, such as smart lights, security systems, thermostats, sensors, smart door locks, and garage door openers. Z-Wave Long Range (ZWLR) is a sub-GHz wireless communication protocol designed to extend smart home connectivity, offering a range of up to 1.5 miles. It enables direct hub-to-device communication, supports up to 4,000 nodes per network, and

network protocol

thumb|right|Indoor light converter for solar energy harvesting thumb|right|Ultra-low power DC/DC converter for thermoelectric energy harvesting The EnOcean technology is an energy harvesting wireless technology used primarily in building automation systems, but also in other application fields such as industry, transportation, and logistics. The energy harvesting wireless modules are manufactured and marketed by the company EnOcean, headquartered in Oberhaching near Munich. The modules combine micro energy converters with ultra low power electronics and wireless communications and enable batte

serial bus of the home computers series of Commodore