Philosophical analogies

philosophical principle used to judge credibility of statements

allegory by Plato

knot in Greek mythology, used as a metaphor for difficult problems with little or no solution

Latin phrase; philosophical theory of mind

thumb|300px|alt=A lady seated by herself|This next to last scene of the Admonitions Scroll shows a palace lady sitting in quiet contemplation, presumably following the admonitions in the accompanying lines: "Therefore I say: Be cautious and circumspect in all you do, and from this, good fortune will arise. Calmly and respectfully think about your actions, and honor and fame will await you."

thumb|An illustrative page rendered empty by absence of Plate III

one-way direction, or asymmetry, of time

dilemma between painful truth and blissful ignorance

parable from the ancient Indian subcontinent, in which several blind men feel and try to conceptualize an elephant

Perspectivism (also called perspectivalism) is the epistemological principle that perception of and knowledge of something are always bound to the interpretive perspectives of those observing it. While perspectivism regard all perspectives and interpretations as being of equal truth or value, it holds that no one has access to an absolute view of the world cut off from perspective. Instead, all such occurs from some point of view which in turn affects how things are perceived. Rather than attempt to determine truth by correspondence to things outside any perspective, perspectivism thus general

REDIRECT Socratic method

Foundationalism concerns philosophical theories of knowledge resting upon non-inferential justified belief, or some secure foundation of certainty such as a conclusion inferred from a basis of sound premises. The main rival of the foundationalist theory of justification is the coherence theory of justification, whereby a body of knowledge, not requiring a secure foundation, can be established by the interlocking strength of its components, like a puzzle solved without prior certainty that each small region was solved correctly.

branch in philosophy of science

theory and research that allows for multiple, non-hierarchical entry and exit points in data representation and interpretation

principle or rule of thumb that allows one to eliminate unlikely explanations for a phenomenon

Platonic philosophical analogy

Organicism is the philosophical position that states that the universe and its various parts (including human societies) ought to be considered alive and naturally ordered, much like a living organism. Vital to the position is the idea that organicistic elements are not dormant "things" per se but rather dynamic components in a comprehensive system that is, as a whole, everchanging. Organicism is related to but remains distinct from holism insofar as it prefigures holism; while the latter concept is applied more broadly to universal part-whole interconnections such as in anthropology and socio

a vision of cosmos where the part reflects the whole and vice versa

inability to describe conscious experiences in soley physical or structural terms

metaphor to illustrate emptiness, dependent origination and interpenetration in Buddhist philosophy

Platonic philosophical analogy

belief that natural wholes are composed of parts lacking any intrinsic relationship to each other

belief that God is without distinguishable parts, characteristics or features (is "one")

when universalizable abstract principles are reflectively found to be in equilibrium with particular intuitive judgements

visual diagram of structured arguments

relationship between an object and a representation of that object

cyclic structure that goes through several levels in a hierarchical system.

metaphor

Thrownness () is a concept introduced by German philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889–1976) to describe humans' individual existences as being 'thrown' (geworfen) into the world.

Metaphorical concept

point between two opposite forces that is desirable

analogy used in anti-foundational accounts of knowledge about the recursive nature of revising one's beliefs