Physical objects

An organism is any living thing that functions as an individual. Such a definition raises more problems than it solves, not least because the concept of an individual is also difficult. Several criteria, few of which are widely accepted, have been proposed to define what constitutes an organism. Among the most common is that an organism has autonomous reproduction, growth, and metabolism. This would exclude viruses, even though they evolve like organisms.

singular aggregation of tangible substance(s) such as matter or radiation, with overall properties

Rūpa () means "form". As it relates to any kind of basic object, it has more specific meanings in the context of Indic religions.

In metaphysics, particulars or individuals are usually contrasted with universals. Universals concern features that can be exemplified by various different particulars.

main physical body of a gravitationally bound, multi-object system

philosophy terms referring to an observer versus the thing observed