Pierre Laval

French politician (1883–1945)

The ' (French Militia), generally called ' (; ), was a political paramilitary organization created on 30 January 1943 by the Vichy régime (with German aid) to help fight against the French Resistance during World War II. The Milice's formal head was Vichy France's Prime Minister Pierre Laval (in office 1942 to 1944), although its chief of operations and de facto leader was Secretary General Joseph Darnand. The participated in summary executions and assassinations, helping to round up Jews and in France for deportation. It was the successor to Darnand's (SOL) militia (founded in 1941). The was

1935 treaty between France and Italy

20th-century strategic governmental alliance

failed secret British-French plan for the partitioning of Abyssinia

proposal for an alliance made between the 1920s to the 1940s between Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal