Plant morphology

Glaucous (, ) is used to describe the pale grey or bluish-green appearance of the surfaces of some plants, as well as in the names of birds, such as the glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus), glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens), glaucous macaw (Anodorhynchus glaucus), and glaucous tanager (Thraupis glaucocolpa).

winter bud in aquatic species

An epicotyl is important for the beginning stages of a plant's life. It is the region of a seedling stem above the stalks of the seed leaves of an embryo plant. It grows rapidly, showing hypogeal germination, and extends the stem above the soil surface. A common misconception is that the epicotyl, being closer to the apex of the plant, is the first part to emerge after germination - rather, the hypocotyl, the region of the stem between the point of attachment of the cotyledons and the root - forms a hook during hypogeal germination and pushes out of the soil, allowing the more delicate tissues

botanical term for a slender, tubular appendage extending backward from the base of a sepal or petal

right|thumb|200px|Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), a large forb A forb or phorb is a herbaceous flowering plant that is not a graminoid (grass, sedge, or rush). The term is used in botany and in vegetation ecology especially in relation to grasslands and understory. Typically, these are eudicots without woody stems.

thumb|right|Lignotuber of Cussonia paniculata partly exposed above ground thumb|Cinnamomum camphora|Camphor trees at the Vergelegen Estate thumb|Lignotuber at the Roosevelt Grove of Humboldt Redwoods State Park thumb|Lignotuber actively budding, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park

The exodermis is a physiological barrier that has a role in root function and protection.  The exodermis is a membrane of variable permeability responsible for the radial flow of water, ions, and nutrients. It is the outer layer of a plant's cortex. The exodermis serves a double function as it can protect the root from invasion by foreign pathogens and ensures that the plant does not lose too much water through diffusion through the root system and can properly replenish its stores at an appropriate rate.

reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families

right|thumb|Husk of Corylus colurna|Corylus colurna (Turkish Hazel), containing 7 nuts In botany, a husk (or hull) is the outer shell or coating of a seed. In the United States, the term husk often refers to the leafy outer covering of an ear of maize (corn) as it grows on the plant. Literally, a husk or hull includes the protective outer covering of a seed, fruit, or vegetable.

thumb|Germinating Festuca|fescue grass with long, blade-like leaves In botany and ecology, a graminoid refers to a herbaceous plant with a grass-like morphology, i.e., elongated culms with long, blade-like leaves. They are contrasted with forbs, herbaceous plants without grass-like features.

right|200px|thumb|Ochrea on a Persicaria maculosa|redshank stem

part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy (generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water

Polycarpic plants are those that flower and set seeds many times before dying. A term of identical meaning is pleonanthic and iteroparous. Polycarpic plants are able to reproduce multiple times due to at least some portion of its meristems being able to maintain a vegetative state in some fashion so that it may reproduce again. This type of reproduction seems to be best suited for plants who have a fair amount of security in their environment as they do continuously reproduce.

right|250px|thumb|This view of the cactus Mammillaria marksiana shows its pattern of prominent tubercles, with the spines emanating from each tubercle's tip.

REDIRECT Aquatic plant

thumb|Cephalium atop Melocactus matanzanus A cephalium is a growth that occurs in cacti at sexual maturity, that exhibits periderm development, reduced photosynthesis and denser spine production. The boundary between the juvenile plant and the cephalium is almost always a discrete one. Cephalia have historically been defined to occur only at the tips of the plant, although does not reflect the variety of sexual transition among species.

Bulbils on Cardamine bulbifera|thumb A bulbil (also referred to as a bulbel, bulblet, and/or pup) is a small, young plant that is reproduced vegetatively from axillary buds on the parent plant's stem or in place of a flower on an inflorescence. These young plants are clones of the parent plant that produced them—they have identical genetic material. The formation of bulbils is a form of asexual reproduction, as they can eventually go on to form new stand-alone plants. thumb|Lilium lancifolium thumb|Ficaria verna thumb|Allium vineale thumb|Nitellopsis obtusa forming "pseudobulbils" Although som

A domatium (plural: domatia, from the Latin "domus", meaning home) is a tiny chamber produced by a plant that may be occupied by arthropods.

Characteristic growth or behavior

thumb|250px|A rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) is attracted to brightly colored flowers and assists the [[pollination of the plant.]]

embryonic shoot located in the axil of a leaf or branches

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thumb|right|Transverse section through an aerial root of an orchid. The outer most layer is the velamen, comprising several cell layers of dead cells. The velamen is a specialized root covering that acts like a natural sponge, found on orchids and many other plants. This thick, mesh-like layer replaces the normal root skin and is made up of dead cells that form tiny air pockets. While commonly associated with air-growing orchids that live on trees, this root covering is actually found in nearly 240 types of ground-dwelling plants as well, mostly within the monocot group. The velamen serves mul

A locule (: locules) or loculus (; : loculi) is a small cavity or compartment within an organ or part of an organism (animal, plant, or fungus).

type of inflorescence

Resupination is derived from the Latin word resupinus, meaning "bent back with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward".

thumb | right | alt=Photo of white flower with numerous and very long stamens, central carpel with high stigma| Capparis spinosa, photographed in San Ġwann, Malta. Herkogamy (or hercogamy) is the spatial separation of the anthers and stigma in hermaphroditic angiosperms. It is a common strategy for reducing self-fertilization.

single cell, mass of cells, or modified bud of tissue that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual

term

flower traits that attract pollinators

thumb|alt=three plants of different species grow in deep sand|Psammophytes of three different species in the Sahara desert A psammophyte is a plant that grows in sandy and often unstable soils. Psammophytes are commonly found growing on beaches, deserts, and sand dunes. Because they thrive in these challenging or inhospitable habitats, psammophytes are considered extremophiles, and are further classified as a type of psammophile.

A gynophore is the stalk of certain flowers which supports the gynoecium (the ovule-producing part of a flower), elevating it above the branching points of other floral parts.

thumb|right|Fouquieria columnaris Pachycauls are plants with a disproportionately thick trunk, for their height, and relatively few branches. With certain pachycaul species, particularly the more succulent varieties, they are commonly referred to as "caudiciformes", a reference to their trunk development of a moisture-filled caudex for periods of drought. By comparison, trees with thin twigs, such as oaks (Quercus), maples (Acer) and Eucalyptus, are called leptocauls; those with moderately thick twigs, such as Plumeria, are called mesocauls. Pachycauls can be the product of exceptional primary

thumb|250px|right|Root primordia (brown spots) as seen on the butt of a freshly cut [[pineapple crown intended for vegetative reproduction]] A primordium (; : primordia; synonym: anlage), in embryology, is an organ or tissue in its earliest recognizable stage of development. Cells of the primordium are called primordial cells. A primordium is the simplest set of cells capable of triggering growth of the would-be organ and the initial foundation from which an organ is able to grow. In flowering plants, a floral primordium gives rise to a flower.

part of some vascular plants

in plants, stalk that supports some other structure

thumb|A hemiepiphytic strangler fig in Kerala, India thumb|Elaeocarpus holopetalus|Black olive berry on a soft tree fern at Devil's Creek, Tantawangalo, [[South East Forest National Park, Australia]] thumb|Eucryphia moorei|Pinkwood growing as a hemiepiphyte on a soft tree fern at [[Monga National Park, Australia]]

Fructification () are the generative parts of the plant (flower and fruit) (as opposed to its vegetative parts: trunk, roots and leaves). Sometimes it is applied more broadly to the generative parts of gymnosperms, ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes, though they produce neither fruit nor flower.

thumb|Female gametophytes of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha Gametophores are prominent structures in seedless plants on which the reproductive organs are borne. The word gametophore and ‘-phore’ (Greek Φορά, "to be carried"). In mosses, liverworts and ferns (Archegoniata), the gametophores support gametangia (sex organs, female archegonia and male antheridia). If both archegonia and antheridia occur on the same plant, it is called monoicious. If there are separate female and male plants they are called dioicious.

seeds and fruits adapted for long distance dispersal by water – sometimes thought to be exotic and thus magical

divergence of the stem and limbs of a plant into smaller ones

thumb|right|Fire has caused minimal damage to this Banksia serrata (saw banksia) fruiting structure, but has triggered the opening of the follicles and the release of seed.

the inner of two bracts surrounding each floret in a grass spikelet

Cormus (Plural|: cormi) (from ancient Greek: κορμός, kormόs, 'stem') is the appearance of a plant that belong to Cormophyte (Pteridophyte and Spermatophyte). In cormus, the vegetative apparatus is no longer a thallus, such as algae, that cannot be distinctly differentiated. The structure of cormus can be easily differentiated into its roots, stems, and leaves.

botany term. A protective case, covering, or structure, such as a plant bud, in which an organism remains dormant for the winter.

bioregion, growth habit of certain eucalypt species

detachable tip found on the pinnules of some species of Acacia and closely related genera

term used in the morphology of grasses

Wikimedia glossary list article

In botany, the lower, usually larger, of two bracts enclosing a floret (the other is the palea), in a grass spikelet

herbaceous perennials with underground storage parts grown for ornamental purposes

in botany, part of the stamen

butterfly-like flowers

Acotyledon is used to refer to seed plants or spermatophytes that lack cotyledons, such as orchids and dodder. Orchid seeds are tiny with underdeveloped embryos. They depend on mycorrhizal fungi for their early nutrition so are myco-heterotrophs at that stage.

Enations are scaly leaflike structures, differing from leaves in their lack of vascular tissue. They are created by some leaf diseases and occur normally on Psilotum. Enations are also found on some early plants such as Rhynia, where they are hypothesized to have aided in photosynthesis.

Glabrousness () is the technical term for a lack of hair, down, setae, trichomes, or other such covering. A glabrous surface may be a natural characteristic of all or part of a plant or animal, or be due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis in humans, which causes hair to fall out or not regrow.

type of plant structure

study of flower structures

right|thumb|A simple pinnate (unipinnate) frond of the fern Blechnum appendiculatum. Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis. Pinnation occurs in biological morphology, in crystals, such as some forms of ice or metal crystals, and in patterns of erosion or stream beds.