Plant stem morphology

thumb|An antique spurge plant, Euphorbia antiquorum, sending out white rhizomes

right |thumb |Ficinia spiralis (pīngao) spreads by forming stolons in the sand. right |thumb |Argentina anserina (common silverweed) showing red stolons In biology, a stolon ( from Latin stolō, genitive – "branch"), also known as a runner, is a horizontal connection between parts of an organism. It may be part of the organism, or of its skeleton. Typically, animal stolons are exoskeletons (external skeletons).

right|thumb|Taro corms for sale in a [[Réunion market]]

the stalk of a plant bearing an inflorescence or solitary flower

one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants; typically found in angiosperms but absent from most gymnosperms such as conifers; main feature distinguishing the "hardwood" of angiosperms from the "softwood" of conifers

long non-woody, leafless segment between two leaf-bearing regions of a plant

thumb|The caudex of a tree fern resembles the trunk of a woody plant, but has a different structure. thumb|The caudex of Jatropha cathartica is [[pachycaul, with thickening that provides water storage.]] thumb|Certain cacti can develop a caudex too; here Acanthocereus maculatus A caudex (: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In botany, a pseudobulb is a storage organ found in many epiphytic and terrestrial sympodial orchids. It is derived from a thickening of the part of a stem between leaf nodes and may be composed of just one internode or several, termed heteroblastic and homoblastic respectively. All leaves and inflorescences usually arise from this structure. Pseudobulbs formed from a single internode produce the leaves and inflorescence from the top, while those that are formed from several internodes can possess leaves along its length. The modified sheath leaves that appear at the base of a pseudobulb and o

pattern of branching, similar to dichotomous branching, characterized by branching along a stem or hyphae

thumb| Phalaenopsis orchid showing monopodial form of growth Vascular plants with monopodial growth habits grow upward from a single point. They add leaves to the apex each year and the stem grows longer accordingly. The word Monopodial is derived from Greek , one and , "foot", in reference to the fact that monopodial plants have a single trunk or stem.

in botany