Pluralism (philosophy)

280px|thumb|right| James Fearon's ranking of countries by ethnic and [[cultural diversity level in 2003, blue is lower and orange is higher.]] Multiculturalism is the coexistence of multiple cultures. The word is used in sociology, in political philosophy, and colloquially. In sociology and everyday usage, it is usually a synonym for ethnic or cultural pluralism in which various ethnic and cultural groups exist in a single society. It can describe a mixed ethnic community area where multiple cultural traditions exist or a single country. Groups associated with an indigenous, aboriginal or auto

acknowledgment of political diversity

political party with a balanced program (or one containing elements of ideologies from across the political spectrum) intended to be competitive among all sections of society

philosophical theory

form of nationalism espousing freedom, tolerance, equality and individual rights

Nondualism, also called nonduality, is a polyvalent term originating in Indian philosophy and religion, where it is used in various, related contemplative philosophies which aim to negate dualistic thinking or conceptual proliferation (prapanca) and thereby realize nondual awareness, 'that which is beyond discursive thinking', a state of consciousness described in contemplative traditions as a background field of unified, immutable awareness that exists prior to conceptual thought.

belief in numerous life-bearing "worlds"

expression of harmony and unity between dissimilar individuals or groups

Agonism (from Greek 'struggle') is a political and social theory that emphasizes the potentially positive aspects of certain forms of conflict. It accepts a permanent place for such conflict in the political sphere, but seeks to show how individuals might accept and channel this conflict positively. Agonists are especially concerned with debates about democracy, and the role that conflict plays in different conceptions of it. The agonistic tradition to democracy is often referred to as agonistic pluralism. A related political concept is that of countervailing power. Beyond the realm of the pol

American philosopher (1882–1974)

metaethical theory that there are several values, equally correct/fundamental, yet in conflict with each other, and that such incompatible values may be incommensurable, i.e. there is no objective ordering of them by importance

British astronomer

British sociologist

Theodemocracy is a theocratic political system proposed by Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. According to Smith, a theodemocracy is a fusion of traditional democratic-republican principles under the US Constitution with theocratic rule.

Theoretical legal structure

Nonsectarian institutions are secular institutions or other organizations not affiliated with or restricted to a particular religious group.

the idea that there can be many different yet equally valid scientific theories that describe the same phenomena, as long as they pass the tests of falsification

term used in philosophy, economics, and virtually any field of study to refer to different ways of knowing things, different epistemological methodologies for attaining a fuller description of a particular field