Polish titles

thumb|Grand Crown Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski by [[Marcello Bacciarelli, 1781]] Hetman is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders (comparable to a field marshal or imperial marshal in the Holy Roman Empire). First used by the Czechs in Bohemia in the 15th century, it was the title of the second-highest military commander after the king in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 16th to 18th centuries. Hetman was also the title of the head of the Cossack state in Ukraine after the Khmelnytsky Uprising of

Starosta or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, ) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

Polish heavy cavalry

Stolnik (, , , , ) was a court office in Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, responsible for serving the royal table, then an honorary court title and a district office. It approximately corresponds to English term "pantler".

judge's or magistrate's assistant

speaker of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish parliament

historic position in Poland

lower rank official

type of Polish regent

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thumb|Wojski Hreczecha from Pan Tadeusz) A wojski (; Medieval Latin: tribunus, hence sometimes rendered into English as tribune) was an officer in medieval Poland and later in Lithuania, responsible for the security of voivodeships or districts at times when voivods and castellans had accompanied the szlachta (nobility) to war.

Polish office

Polish head of state, 1918-1922

A wójt is the highest administrative officer of a Polish rural gmina, i.e., of a commune (gmina) comprising only villages. (The head of a town or city is called, respectively, the burmistrz or "president".)

court official in charge of royal or princely hunt

A Regimentarz (from Latin: regimentum) was a military commander in Poland, since the 16th century, of an army group or a substitute of a Hetman. They were nominated by the King of Poland or the Sejm.

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Deputy pantler (Lithuanian: pastalininkis, Polish: podstoli) was a court office in Poland and Lithuania. They were the deputy of a pantler, and was responsible for the King's and Grand Duke's pantry.

cavalry officer in the army of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

thumb|Seal of the Grand Treasurer of Lithuania Jerzy Detloff Flemming in 1757 Podskarbi in the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was minister responsible for the treasury. Since 1569 also a senatorial office. The title although meaning treasurer can be deconstructed as "under[King]-treasury" – treasury as an old-fashioned adjective. One other title was formed in the same way: "podkomorzy" – not meaning vice.

Podsędek (; literally: sub-judge) was a judicial position in the history of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The role and importance of this official varied over time.