Primary Chronicle

literary work of 12th century

Saint and chronicler of Kievan Rus'

medieval trade route between Scandinavia and the Byzantine Empire

thumb|right|The range of Slavic ceramics of the Penkovka culture|Prague-Penkovka culture marked in black, and presumed location of three Early Medieval tribes of Dulebes in Central and Eastern Europe, per V.V. Sedov (1979). thumb|The presumed location of Dulebes (green) in present-day Czech Republic during the 10th century per abandoned hypothesis about the Czech tribes. The Dulebes, Dulebs, Dudlebi or Dulibyh () were one of the tribal unions of Early Slavs between the 6th and the 10th centuries. According to medieval sources they lived in Western Volhynia, as well as southern parts of the Duc

monastery

Pereyaslavets (East Slavic: ) or Preslavets () was a trade city located near mouths of the Danube. The city's name is derived from that of the Bulgarian capital of the time, Preslav, and means Little Preslav (). In Greek it was also known as Presthlavitza (). Several theories exist regarding the exact location of the city: either at Preslav or in its vicinity in Bulgaria, or at Isaccea, Nufăru, Murighiol or Jurilovca in Romania.

Oleshia or Oleshye is the name of a former settlement and a historic area on the lower Dnieper. During its existence, the port settlement was controlled by Kievan Rus', and was an important center of fishing and trade due to its location on the route from the Varangians to the Greeks. In May 1223, the Rus' princes Danylo and Mstislav defeated the Mongols during Battle of Oleshia.