Printing processes

thumb|A Xerox digital photocopier in 2010 A photocopier (also called copier or copy machine, and formerly Xerox machine, the generic trademark) is a machine that makes copies of documents and other visual images onto paper or plastic film quickly and cheaply. Most modern photocopiers use a technology called xerography, a dry process that uses electrostatic charges on a light-sensitive photoreceptor to first attract and then transfer toner particles (a powder) onto paper in the form of an image. The toner is then fused onto the paper using heat, pressure, or a combination of both. Copiers can a

thumb|upright=0.89|right|This earliest known surviving heliographic engraving, printed from a metal plate made in 1825 by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce using his "heliographic process". The plate was exposed under an ordinary engraving. Heliography was also used to capture View from the Window at Le Gras|a scene directly from nature with a camera.

method of printing

thumb|Early collotype postcard; 1882 in Nuremberg, signed by J. B. Obernetter thumb|Postcard of the "Alte Oper" in Frankfurt, about 1900.

thumb|Photogravure of Victor Hugo, 1883 by Walery Photogravure (in French héliogravure) is a process for printing photographs, also sometimes used for reproductive intaglio printmaking. It is a photo-mechanical process whereby a copper plate is grained (adding a pattern to the plate) and then coated with a light-sensitive gelatin tissue which had been exposed to a film positive, and then etched, resulting in a high quality intaglio plate that can reproduce detailed continuous tones of a photograph.

printing technique or process

printing technique

Reprography (a portmanteau of reproduction and photography) is the reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means, such as photography or xerography. Reprography is commonly used in catalogs and archives, as well as in the architectural, engineering, and construction industries.

practice of using lasers to engrave an object

laminated composite material primarily used as a finish for furniture and wall panels

printing and photoengraving technique

process of printing positive images on paper

printing technique to get a gradient of colors

process of printing on textiles