Proton

A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol , H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and approximately times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one dalton, are jointly referred to as nucleons (particles present in atomic nuclei).

core of the atom; composed of bound nucleons (protons and neutrons)

The antiproton, , (pronounced p-bar) is the antiparticle of the proton. Antiprotons are stable, but they are typically short-lived, since any collision with a proton will cause both particles to be annihilated in a burst of energy.

one of the fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium

hypothetical decay process of a nucleon (proton or neutron) into non-nucleons (anything else)

In chemistry, the hydron, informally called proton, is the cationic form of atomic hydrogen, represented with the symbol . The general term "hydron", endorsed by IUPAC, encompasses cations of hydrogen regardless of isotope: thus it refers collectively to protons (H) for the protium isotope, deuterons (H or D) for the deuterium isotope, and tritons (H or T) for the tritium isotope.

medical procedure most often used in the treatment of cancer

radioactive decay where a proton is ejected from the nucleus

transmembrane protein that transports H⁺ ions against their concentration gradient

power generation technology

thumb|An illustration of the protonium atom.

right|thumb|280px|Nucleosynthesis of proton-rich nuclei by rapid proton capture The rp-process (rapid proton capture process) consists of consecutive proton captures onto seed nuclei to produce heavier elements. It is a nucleosynthesis process and, along with the s-process and the r-process, may be responsible for the generation of many of the heavy elements present in the universe. However, it is notably different from the other processes mentioned in that it occurs on the proton-rich side of stability as opposed to on the neutron-rich side of stability.

The term p-process (p for proton) is used in two ways in the scientific literature concerning the astrophysical origin of the elements (nucleosynthesis). Originally it referred to a proton capture process which was proposed to be the source of certain, naturally occurring, neutron-deficient isotopes of the elements from selenium to mercury. These nuclides are called p-nuclei and their origin is still not completely understood. Although it was shown that the originally suggested process cannot produce the p-nuclei, later on the term p-process was sometimes used to generally refer to any nucleos

ion-exchange membrane specific for protons

NMR via protons, hydrogen-1 nuclei

intrinsic magnetic dipole moment of neutrons

atomic nuclear process

number of protons in the observable universe

physical constant

A protonophore, also known as a proton translocator, is an ionophore that moves protons across lipid bilayers or other type of membranes. This would otherwise not occur as protons (H+) have positive charge and have hydrophilic properties, making them unable to cross without a channel or transporter. Protonophores are generally aromatic compounds with a negative charge, that are both hydrophobic and capable of distributing the negative charge over a number of atoms by π-orbitals which delocalize a proton's charge when it attaches to the molecule. Both the neutral and the charged protonophore ca

chemical analysis technique