Protostome anatomy

thumb|Adult Rhopalomyia solidaginis fly, emerging from pupal case thumb|right|Process of ecdysis of a cicada.

thumb|right|Freshwater bryozoan with lophophore extended thumb|A brachidium (coiled structure), supporting the lophophore (feeding organ), visible between the valves of the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) brachiopod Spiriferina rostrata (35 x 30 mm) thumb|An extinct lophophorate: a Devonian [[microconchid (Potter Farm Formation, Alpena, Michigan)]]

thumb|Pyrosoma atlanticum, a [[tunicate, is a colony of zooids]]

REDIRECT Pedipalp

A trophosome is a highly vascularised organ found in some animals that houses symbiotic bacteria that provide food for their host. Trophosomes are contained by the coelom of tube worms (family Siboglinidae, e.g. the giant tube worm Riftia pachyptila) and in the body of symbiotic flatworms of the genus Paracatenula.

thumb|Statoblast of Plumatella repens Statoblasts are a means to reproduce asexually by a method that is unique among bryozoans and enables a colony's lineage to survive the variable and uncertain conditions of fresh water environments. Statoblasts are masses of cells that function as "survival pods" rather like the gemmules of sponges. Statoblasts form on the funiculus (cord) connected to the parent's gut, which nourishes them. As they grow, statoblasts develop protective bivalve-like shells made of chitin. When they mature, some types stick to the parent colony, some fall to the bottom, some